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Human Physiology > Skeletal System > Flashcards

Skeletal System Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 5 parts of this system?

A
  1. Bones 2. Joints 3. Cartilage 4. Ligaments
  2. Tendons
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2
Q

What are the functions of this system?
(S) (p) (m) (s) (b)

A
  1. Support the body 2. Protect soft organs 3. Movement because it’s attached to skeletal muscles
  2. Storage of minerals and fats 5. Blood cell formation
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3
Q

What are the two types of bone tissue?

A
  1. Compact bone 2. Spongy bone
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4
Q

What is compact bone?
(D) (s) (d)

A

It’s dense, strong and durable.

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5
Q

What’s spongy bone?

A
  1. It contains small needle-like pieces of bone
  2. It has many open spaces
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6
Q

What are the four types of bones?

A
  1. Long 2. Short 3. Flat 4. Irregular
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7
Q

What are long bones?

A

Bones that are longer than they are wide

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8
Q

What are short bones?

A

Bones that are square in shape and cube like

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9
Q

What are flat bones?

A

Bones that are flat and curved

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10
Q

What are irregular bones?

A

Bones that are odd in shape

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11
Q

What is the skeleton of embryos primarily made of?

A

Cartilage

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12
Q

What is the skeleton of embryos primarily made of?

A

Cartilage

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13
Q

What isolated areas does cartilage remain in?

A
  1. Bridge of the nose 2. Parts of the ribs 3. Joints
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14
Q

What are the five types of fractures?
(G) (s) (c) (t) (c)

A
  1. Greenstick 2. Spiral 3. Comminuted 4. Transverse 5. Compound
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15
Q

What is a Greenstick fracture?

A

When a bone is bent due to an incomplete fracture.

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16
Q

What is a spiral fracture?

A

A fracture that twists around the bone

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17
Q

What is a comminuted fracture?

A

When the bone breaks into several pieces

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18
Q

What is a transverse fracture?

A

When a break occurs straight across the bone at a 90 degree angle

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19
Q

What’s a compound fracture?

A

When the bone breaks and separates and possibly breaks through the skin

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20
Q

What are the 2 divisions the skeletal system can be divided into?

A
  1. Axial skeleton 2. Appendicular skeleton
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21
Q

What is the axial skeleton made up of?

A

Skull, spinal column, center of body

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22
Q

What is the appendicular skeleton made up of?

A

Limbs and pelvic girdle, left and right sides of the body

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23
Q

What is a joint?

A

A place where two bones come together.

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24
Q

What are the three types of joints?

A
  1. Fibrous 2. Cartilaginous 3. Synovial
25
Q

What are fibrous joints?

A

Immovable. They connect bones. Ex: skull, pelvis

26
Q

What are cartilaginous joints?

A

Slightly moveable. Bones are attached to cartilage and provide a little bit of movement. Ex: spine and ribs

27
Q

What are synovial joints?

A

Freely moveable, cavities between bones are filled with synovial fluid. This fluid helps lubricate and protect the bones

28
Q

What’s a gliding joint?

A

Bones slide past each other

29
Q

What’s a hinge joint?

A

Allows movement in one direction

30
Q

What’s a pivot joint?

A

Allows bone rotation

31
Q

What’s a condyloid joint?

A

Does not allow rotation, but does allow movement back and forth and side to side.

32
Q

What’s a saddle joint?

A

Does not allow rotation, but does allow movement back and forth and side to side.

33
Q

What’s a ball and socket joint?

A

Bones can move in almost any direction

34
Q

Arthritis

A

A disease that affects joints, causing joint pain

35
Q

Bursitis

A

Inflammation of the bursa, which are fluid filled sacs surrounding joints

36
Q

Bursitis

A

Inflammation of the bursa, which are fluid filled sacs surrounding joints

37
Q

Tendonitis

A

Inflammation of tendons due to overuse

38
Q

Scoliosis

A

An abnormal curvature of the spine

39
Q

Rickets

A

The softening and weakening of bones in children due to extreme vitamin D deficiency

40
Q

Rickets

A

The softening and weakening of bones in children due to extreme vitamin D deficiency

41
Q

Scurvey

A

Caused by vitamin C deficiency

42
Q

Gout

A

A type of arthritis, caused by overload of uric acid in the body

43
Q

Acromegaly

A

A serious condition when the body produces too much growth hormone

44
Q

Osteosarcoma

A

Most common type of bone cancer

45
Q

Leukemia

A

Cancer of the blood cells

46
Q

How ribs does the adult human body have?

A

24

47
Q

Which part of the body has the most bone?

A

Hands (about 27 bones in each)

48
Q

What are all of the parts of the appendicular skeleton?

A

Shoulder girdle, arm, hand pelvic girdle, leg, foot

49
Q

What are all of the parts of the axial skeleton?

A

Inner ear, skull, hyoid bone, rib cage, vertebral column

50
Q

What is marrow?

A

The soft part of inside the bone.

51
Q

What do bones create?

A

RBCs and WBCs

52
Q

What’s the function of cartilage?

A

It acts as a shock absorber

53
Q

What’s osteoporosis?

A

A disease that makes your bones weak and more likely to break

54
Q

How can osteoporosis be prevented?

A

By getting plenty of exercise and calcium

55
Q

How can osteoporosis be prevented?

A

By getting plenty of exercise and calcium

56
Q

Arthritis affects the …

A

Joints and nearby tissues

57
Q

Why is Osteoarthritis painful?

A

Because the bones rub against each other

58
Q

What’s something unique about rheumatoid arthritis?

A

The body attacks its own healthy tissues

Human Physiology (9 decks)

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