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Human Physiology > Respatory System > Flashcards

Respatory System Flashcards

1
Q

What are the functions?
(M) (G) (F,w,h) (I) (S)

A
  1. Movement of air 2. Gas exchanger
  2. Filters, warms, and humidifiers air
  3. Influences speech 5. Allows sense of smell
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2
Q

What are the 6 parts?

A
  1. Nose 2. Pharynx 3. Larynx 4. Trachea 5. Bronchi 6. Lungs
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3
Q

What is the epiglottis?

A

Flag that covers entrance to trachea to allow breathing

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4
Q

What is the larnxy?

A

Contains two elastic folds of tissue called vocal folds

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5
Q

The trachea (windpipe) has…

A

Rings of cartilage

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6
Q

What is tracheostomy!

A

Surgically created opening on the trachea to allow breathing

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7
Q

Where does air pass into after it passes through the trachea?

A

Two large passage ways in the chest called bronchi

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8
Q

Where does each bronchus lead to?

A

The lungs

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9
Q

In each lung, the bronchus subdivides into (1) and then into (2)

A
  1. Smaller bronchi
  2. Bronchioles
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10
Q

What do bronchioles divide into?

A

Million of tiny air sacs called aviole

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11
Q

What’s tidal volume?

A

Amount of air inhaled normally after a typical inspiration

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12
Q

What is the expiratory reserve volume?

A

Additional amount of air forced out after tidal exhale

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13
Q

What is Inspiratory reserve volume?

A

(death breath) amount of air that can be forcibly inhaled over and above normal

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14
Q

What’s residual volume?

A

Amount of air that stays trapped in the alveoli

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15
Q

What’s vital capacity?

A

the largest volume of air an individual can move in and Out of the lungs

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16
Q

What’s eupnea?

A

Normal quiet breathing

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17
Q

What’s hyperpnea?

A

Increase in breathing to meet an increased demand by body for oxygen

18
Q

What’s hyperventilation?

A

Hyperventilation -results in exhaling more than inhaling (results in too little CO2 in the blood)

19
Q

What’s apnea?

A

Temporary stop of breathing at the end of normal exhale

20
Q

What’s asthma?

A

Severe allergic reaction characterized by the closing up of bronchioles. Caused by gene
changes and environmental triggers.
It is reversible.

21
Q

What’s bronchitis?

A

Inflammation of the lining of the bronchioles. Sometimes with mucus build-up Often
caused by an infection or underlying health condition.

22
Q

What’s emphysema?

A

Lungs lose their elasticity

23
Q

What’s Chronic obstructive pulmonary disorder?

A

A disease that continues to worsen, and is not reversible.
It can include asthma, emphysema and chronic bronchitis

24
Q

What’s Pneumonia?

A

a lung infection caused by bacteria, viruses, or fungi. It is a serious infection in which the
alveoli fill with pus and other liquid.

25
Q

What’s Strep throat?

A

an infection of the throat and tonsils caused by a bacteria called Streptococcus pyogenes.

26
Q

What’s pulmonary embolism?

A

a blockage in one of the pulmonary arteries in your lungs.

27
Q

What’s pulmonary embolism?

A

a blockage in one of the pulmonary arteries in your lungs.

28
Q

What are 6 ways to improve respiratory health?

A

1) Exercise
2) Avoid asbestos
3) Avoid air pollution
4 Avoid smoke of all types
5) Avoid radon exposure

29
Q

What are carcinogens

A

Chemicals that cause cancer

30
Q

How can smoking lead to cancer?

A

Carcinogens bind to DNA causing mutations

31
Q

Smoking can lead to what class of diseases?

A

COPD

32
Q

How many people will die from smoke in the 21st century

A

1 billion

33
Q

How many chemicals are in tobacco

A

4000

34
Q

How many chemicals in Tobacco are known to be harmful?

A

250

35
Q

What percent of deaths does smoke cause in the US

A

20%

36
Q

How many people die from second hand smoke each year?

A

600 000

37
Q

What are the ends of bronchioles known as?

A

Terminal bronchioles

38
Q

What are alveoli covered with?

A

Capillaries

39
Q

Function of sinuses?

A

Produce mucus that lines the nasal cavity, offering protection.

40
Q

Why is mucus important?

A

It keeps our nasal cavity moist and protects us from breathing in dirt, dust, pollutants, and bacteria

41
Q

How can sinus infection lead to a headache?

A

They fill with fluid and mucus that creates pressure

42
Q

How are the upper and lower respiratory system divided?

A

Upper part is everything above larynx, including larynx. Lower is everything else

Human Physiology (9 decks)

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