Insulin Flashcards
What is the role of insulin?
Stimulates uptake of glucose into cells
Inhibits gluconeogenesis
Inhibits glycogenolysis
Promotes uptake of fats
What are the main insulin categories?
Ultrafast acting Rapid acting Short acting Intermediate acting Long acting Very long acting
How is insulin administered?
SC
IV
What is an example of an ultrafast acting insulin?
Aspart (FiAsp)
How quickly does ultrafast insulin act?
Within 10 mins
What are examples of rapid acting insulins?
Novorapid
Humalog
Apidra
What is the onset of rapid acting insulin?
5-15 mins
When does rapid acting insulin peak?
60 mins
What is the duration of action of rapid acting insulin?
4-6 hours
What are examples of short acting insulins?
Actrapid
Humalin S
What is the onset of short acting insulin?
30-60 mins
When does short acting insulin peak?
2-3 hrs
How soon before meals should short acting insulins be injected?
15-30 mins
What is the duration of action of short acting insulin?
8-10 hrs
What are examples of intermediate acting insulin?
Insulatard
Humulin I
What is the onset of intermediate insulin?
2-4 hours
When does intermediate insulin peak?
4-8 hours
What is the duration of action of intermediate insulin?
12-20hrs
What are examples of long acting insulin?
Glargine
Detemir
Degludec
What is the onset of long acting insulin?
2-6 hours
What is the duration of action of long acting insulin?
Up to 24 hours
What are adverse effects of insulin?
Hypoglycaemia
Hyperglycaemia
Lipodystrophy
Painful injections
