Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Pharmacology > Hyperlipidaemias > Flashcards

Hyperlipidaemias Flashcards

1
Q

What are the main classes of lipid lowering drugs?

A 
Statins 
Fibrates
Cholesterol absorption inhibitor
Nicotinic acid
PCSK9 inhibitor
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are examples of statins?

A

Atorvastatin

Simvastatin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is the route of administration of statins?

A

Oral

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is the mechanism of statins?

A

Competitive inhibition of HMG-CoA reductase

Upregulation of hepatic LDL receptors

Increased clearance of circulating LDL

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are side effects of statins?

A

Myalgia
GI disruption
Nausea
Headache

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What scoring system is used to assess the need for a statin?

A

QRISK

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is the primary prevention dose of atorvastatin?

A

20mg OD

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is the secondary prevention dose of atorvastatin?

A

80mg OD

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are examples of fibrates?

A

Fenofibrate

Ciprofibrate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is the indication for fenofibrate?

A

Hyperlipidaemia where statin is not tolerated

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is the route of administration of fenofibrate?

A

Oral

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the mechanism of fenofibrate?

A

PPARα activator

  • enchanced clearance of triglycerides
  • increases fatty acid uptake by liver
  • increase LDL affinity for receptor
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What are the side effects of fenofibrate?

A

GI upset
Gallstones
Myositis
Abnormal LFTs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What are contraindications to fibrates?

A

Hepatic dysfunction
Renal dysfunction
Gallbladder disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is an example of nicotinic acid?

A

Niacin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is the indication for nicotinic acid?

A

Adjunct to statin

Statin not tolerated

17
Q

What is the route of administration of nicotinic acid?

A

Oral

18
Q

What is the mechanism of nicotinic acid?

A

Reduced fatty acid supply
Decreased triglyceride synthesis

Decreased VLDL + LDL
Increased HDL

19
Q

What are the side effects of nicotinic acid?

A

Flushing
Headache
Hepatotoxicity
GI disturbance

20
Q

When is nicotinic acid contraindicated?

A

Arterial bleeding

Active peptic ulcer disease

21
Q

What is an example of a cholesterol absorption inhibitor?

A

Ezetimibe

22
Q

What is the indications for ezetimibe?

A

Adjunct in hyperlipidaemias

Statin not tolerated

23
Q

What is the route of administration of ezetimibe?

A

Oral

24
Q

What is the mechanism of ezetimibe?

A

Inhibits NCPC1L1 transporter in the small intestine

Reduces cholesterol absorption in gut

Hepatic LDL receptor expression decreases

25
Q

What are the side effects of ezetimibe?

A

Headache
Abdominal pain
Diarrhoea

26
Q

What are examples of PCSK9 inhibitors?

A

Alirocumab

Evolocumab

27
Q

What are the indications for PCSK9 inhibitors?

A

Adjunct in hyperlipidaemia

28
Q

What is the route of administration of PCSK9 inhibitors?

A

SC

29
Q

What is the mechanism of PCSK9 inhibitors?

A

Monoclonal antibodies that inhibit PCSK9

PCSK9 binds to LDL receptor

Reduction in LDL

30
Q

What are the side effects of PCSK9 inhibitors?

A

Sore throat
Joint pain
Nausea
Rash

Pharmacology (27 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions