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Pharmacology > Anti-epileptics > Flashcards

Anti-epileptics Flashcards

1
Q

What are the classes of drugs used for epilepsy?

A

Sodium channel blockers
GABA potentiators
GABA-transaminase inhibitor
Calcium channel blockers

Gabapentin
Levetiracetam

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2
Q

What are examples of sodium channel blockers?

A 
Carbamazepine
Phenytoin 
Lamotrigine
Sodium valproate
Topiramate
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3
Q

What is the mechanism of sodium channel blockers?

A

Cause Na channels to remain in an inactive state - prevent axons from firing repetitively

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4
Q

What are examples of calcium channel blockers?

A

Ethosuximide

Sodium valproate

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5
Q

What is the mechanism of calcium channel blockers?

A

Prevent activity of Ca channels - prevent depolarisation

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6
Q

What type of seizures are calcium channel blockers used in?

A

Absence

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7
Q

What is GABA?

A

An inhibitory neurotransmitter

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8
Q

What are examples of GABA potentiators?

A

Barbituates

Benzodiazepines

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9
Q

What is the mechanism of GABA potentiators?

A

Enhance the effect of GABA at the synaptic junction

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10
Q

What is an example of a GABA-transaminase inhibitor?

A

Vigabatrin

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11
Q

What is the mechanism of vigabatrin?

A

Prevent breakdown of GABA

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12
Q

What is the mechanism of gabapentin?

A

Improve utilisation of glutamate

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13
Q

What is the mechanism of levetiracetam?

A

Binds to synaptic vesicles to inhibit pre-synaptic calcium channel activity - inhibits neurotransmitter release from pre-synaptic neuron

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14
Q

What are the general side effects of anti-epileptics?

A

Dizziness
Fatigue
Ataxia
Diplopia

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15
Q

Which anti-epileptics are not safe during pregnancy?

A

Sodium valproate - causes neural tube defects

Phenytoin

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16
Q

What is the pneumonic for treatment for partial seizures?

A

Lamb top gave funny carbs

17
Q

What is the treatment for partial seizures?

A 
Lamotrigine 
Topiramate
Gabapentin
Phenytoin 
Carbamazepine
18
Q

What is the pneumonic for treatment for general seizures?

A

Barbara valiantly sux good-pam

19
Q

What is the treatment for general seizures?

A

Phenobarbital
Sodium valproate
Ethosuximide
Benzodiazepam

Pharmacology (27 decks)

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