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A level PE > Injury Prevention and Rehab (1.2c) > Flashcards

Injury Prevention and Rehab (1.2c) Flashcards

1
Q

an acute injury is…

A

an injury that occurs at a specific moment in time when there is a sudden injury associated with a traumatic event

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2
Q

a chronic injury is…

A

an injury that occur over a period of time slowly developed associated with over use

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3
Q

common causes of acute injuries

A

collisions
falls
impact from an object

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4
Q

common causes of chronic injuries

A

sudden increase in intensity, freq and duration
reduction in recovery
inadequate equip or tech
inadequate warm up/cool down

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5
Q

give example of acute injury

A

a sprained ankle in netball

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6
Q

what are the most common tissues injured

A

soft tissues

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7
Q

what are soft tissues

A

strains and sprains of muscles, tendons and ligaments

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8
Q

what is damaged in hard tissue injuries

A

bones, joints and cartilage

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9
Q

give some examples of hard tissue injuries

A

fractures and dislocations

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10
Q

what can soft tissue injuries result in

A

inflammation and bruising

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11
Q

what can hard tissue injuries result in

A

internal bleeding, circulatory problems and joint instability

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12
Q

which type of injuries require hospital treatment

A

hard tissue injuries

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13
Q

a compound fracture is when…

A

fracture bones break through the skin creating an open wound and risk infection

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14
Q

a simple fracture is when….

A

skin remains unbroken as there is little bone movement

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15
Q

an incomplete fracture is…

A

a partial crack in the bone that doesn’t completely separate the bone

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16
Q

a complete fracture is…

A

total break in the bone which separates the bone into one or more fragemnts

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17
Q

a green stick fracture is….

A

a splitting partial break in the bone resulting from a bending action

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18
Q

a transverse, oblique or spiral fracture is…

A

a crack perpendicular, diagonals or twisting diagonal respectively across the length of the bone

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19
Q

a comminuted fracture is…

A

a crack producing multiple fragments of bone and long recovery process is needed

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20
Q

an impacted fracture is…

A

a break caused by the end of the bone being compressed together

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21
Q

a avulsion fracture is…

A

a bone fragment detached at the site of connective tissue attachment

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22
Q

a dislocation is…

A

when a bone is displaced from another, moving them out of their original position

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23
Q

how is a dislocation caused?

A

direct or indirect force pushing the joint past its extreme range of motion

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24
Q

what is a subluxation?

A

a partial or incomplete dislocation

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25
the symptoms of dislocation are …
severe pain loss of movement deformity swelling
26
what type of injury is a contusion?
soft tissue
27
a contusion is…
an area of skin where the blood vessels have ruptured
28
severe contusions can cause…
deep tissue damage
29
how is a contusion caused?
fall or indirect contact from a player or object
30
what kind of injury is a haematoma?
acute soft tissue
31
a haematoma is…
localised congealed bleeding from the ruptured blood vessels which is relatively or totally confined to a tissue
32
symptoms of a haematoma are…
swelling discoloured
33
what type of injury is a sprain?
acute soft tissue
34
a sprain is…
damage to ligaments
35
a sprain is caused by…
sudden twist, impact or fall that forced the joint beyond its extend range of motion
36
signs and symptoms of sprains are…
pain swelling bruising inability to beat weight
37
what type of injury is a strain?
acute soft tissue
38
a strain is…
damage to muscle fibres or tendon
39
a strain is caused by…
overstretching a particular area or contracting muscle fibres too quickly
40
signs and symptoms of a strain are…
pain on movement discolouration bruising swelling
41
what type of injury is an abrasion?
acute soft tissue
42
an abrasion is…
superficial damage to the skin
43
an abrasion is caused by..
scraping action against the playing surface or clothes rubbing on the body
44
a laceration is…
a cut
45
what type of injury is a blister?
actuate soft tissue
46
a blister is…
separation of layers of skin, where a pocket of fluid forms
47
a blister is caused by…
friction
48
what type of injury is a concussion?
acute soft tissue
49
a concussion is…
A traumatic brain injury resulting in a disturbance of brain function
50
a concussion is caused by…
a direct blow to the head or blows to other parts of the body that cause rapid movement of the head
51
symptoms of a concussion are…
headaches dizziness balance problems nausea loss of consciousness
52
what type of injury is a stress fracture?
chronic hard tissue
53
a stress fracture is….
a tiny crack in the surface of the bone
54
a stress fracture is caused by…
fatigued muscles transferring their stress over to the bone tissue
55
symptoms of a stress fracture are…
spots of pain
56
what type of injury is shin splints?
chronic soft tissue
57
what is medial tibial stress syndrome referred to as?
shin splints
58
shin splints is when…
the connection between the tendons connecting to the periosteum becomes inflamed
59
shin splints are caused by…
repeated overuse of the tibialis anterior and tibialis posterior
60
symptoms of shin splints are….
tenderness and inflammation
61
what type of injury is tendinosis?
chronic soft tissue
62
tendinosis is…
deterioration of a tendons collagen in response to chronic overuse
63
tendinosis is caused by…
repetitive strain, causing small-scale injuries, which accumulate when not given time to heal
64
signs and symptoms of tendinosis are…
burning stinging aching tenderness stiffness
65
what type of injury is tendinitis?
acute soft tissue
66
tendonitis is…
Inflammation of a tendon
67
tendinitis is caused by…
straining or tearing of muscle fibres
68
the 5 intrinsic risk factors for injury are….
physical makeup training effects poor bio mechanical training incorrect equipment inappropriate overload
69
the 2 extrinsic risk factors for injury are…
poor technique and training incorrect equipment and clothing
70
an ideal warm up is ____ minutes long
20-45
71
the three stages of a warm up are…
1. pulse raiser 2. dynamic stretching and mobility 3. sport specific drills
72
physiological benefits of a warm up are…
increased blood flow to muscles increased muscle temp so increased elasticity of muscles
73
psychological benefits of a warm up are…
increased motivation increased arousal
74
cool downs last…
20-30 mins
75
the 2 distinct stages of a cool down are…
1. easy intensity activity 2. stretching
76
physiological benefits of a cool down…
decreases HR helps remove LA/CO2
77
psychological benefits of a cool down are…
decreased arousal
78
what does SALTAPS stand for?
stop/see ask look touch active movement passive movement strength testing
79
what method is used for injury assessment?
SALTAPS
80
what method is used for treatment of acute injuries?
PRICE
81
what does PRICE stand for?
protect rest ice compress elevate
82
what method is used for treating concussion?
the six R’s
83
what are the six R’s?
recognise remove refer rest recover return
84
define rehabilitation
the process taken to regain full function after an injury has occurred
85
in the early stage of rehab the person can…
gently exercise encouraging the damaged tissue to heal
86
in the mid stage of rehab the person can…
progressively overload connective tissues and bones to develop strength
87
in the late stage of rehab a person can
do functional exercises and drills to ensure the body is ready to return to training
88
the 6 treatment methods for injury are….
stretching massage cold, heat contrast therapy anti-inflammatory drug physiotherapy surgery
89
what stretching can you do in the active stage of rehab?
none
90
what stretching can you do in the mid stage of rehab?
static passive
91
what stretching can you do in the later stage of rehab?
active passive PNF
92
what stretching can you do in the long term stage of rehab?
active passive PNF dynamic
93
sports massages can…
stretch tissues, releasing tension reduce pain and generate heat and circulation
94
cold therapy is
the use of ice or cold water to reduce tissue temperature, metabolic rate and speed of nerve impulses
95
cold therapy should be done for ____ mins and repeated every ____ hours
up to 20mins 1-3
96
cryokinetics is…
ice application followed by rehab exercises
97
cryostretching is… and what does it do?
combines cold application and stretching to reduce muscle tension and increase flexibility
98
heat therapy is…
the use of heat to reduce muscle tension, stiffness and pain
99
what does heat therapy do?
vasodilate blood vessels which increases blood flow and healing response to a damaged area
100
contrast therapy is…
The use of alternate cold or heat therapy to increase blood flow in decrease, swelling and pain after exercise, or in the late stage of injury
101
in contrast therapy how long do you have with the cold and hot?
1 min cold 3 mins warm accumulating to 6-10 mins in cold water
102
what do anti inflammatory drugs do in rehab?
inhibits the chemical release that causes inflammation, interfering with pain signals and reducing the temperature
103
physiotherapy is…
the treatment of injury or disease by qualified physiotherapists using physical methods

A level PE (20 decks)

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