Energy for Exercise (1.1c) Flashcards
ATP stands for…
adenosine triphosphate
ATP is stored in…
the muscle cell
what is the only immediate available source of energy for muscle contraction?
ATP
an exothermic reaction is one that…
releases energy
an endothermic reaction is one that…
absorbs energy
the equation for ATP breakdown is….
and what is it catalysed by…
ATP –> ADP + P + Energy
ATPase
the equation of ATP resynthesis is…
ADP + P + Energy –> ATP
ATP breakdown is an ________ reaction
exothermic
ATP resynthesis is an _________ reaction
endothermic
the ATP-PC system is used during…..
very high intensity excercise
a practical example for the ATP-PC system is…
100m sprint
when does the ATP-PC system kick in?
after 2 seconds of excercise
In the ATP-PC system PC is broken down ______
anaerobically
in the ATP-PC system,
when ATP levels fall and ADP and P levels rise what enzyme is triggered?
creatine kinase
in the ATP-PC system the first reaction is…
PC –> P + C + Energy
in the ATP-PC system the second reaction is…
ADP + P + Energy –> ATP
what is the ATP yield of the ATP-PC system?
1:1
are there any by-products of the ATP-PC system?
no
what is the duration of the ATP-PC system?
2-10 seconds
what are 3 strengths of the ATP-PC system?
- no delay for O2
- PC readily available in muscle cell
- simple & rapid breakdown
- provides energy for high intensity exercise
- no fatiguing by products
- simple compounds aid fast recovery
what is the weakness of the ATP-PC system?
low ATP yield and small PC stores lead to rapid fatigue after 8-10 seconds
During a 100m sprint an athlete resynthesises the ATP. Identify the fuel used to resynthesise ATP and the site of the reaction.
(2 marks)
Food fuel - phosphocreatine
Site of reaction - sarcoplasm
when does the glycolytic system kick in?
after 10 seconds
in the Glycolytic system when PC and ATP stores deplete alongside the rise in levels of P and ADP, what enzyme is released?
phosphofructokinase (PFK)
Phosphofructokinase catalyses…
the breakdown of glucose
In the Glycolytic system,
If glucose levels dip ________ is released
glycogen phosphorylase (GPP)
In the Glycolytic System,
GPP catalyses…
catalyses the breakdown of glycogen to glucose
in the Glycolytic System,
Glycogen —-> _______ (catalysed by ___ ) —> ________ (catalysed by ___ ) –> _____ (catalysed by ____)
—> glucose catalysed by GPP –> pyruvic acid catalysed by PFK —> lactic acid catalysed by lactate dehydrogenase
does the glycolytic system work anaerobically or aerobically?
anaerobically
the site of reaction in the glycolytic system is…
sarcoplasm
the ATP yield of the Glycolytic system is…
1:2
the by product of Glycolytic system is..
lactic acid
how long can the Glycolytic System last?
3 minutes