Inguinal Canal Flashcards
The spermatic cord in males and Round L. in females both go through what external opening above the the pubic pubic tubercle?
Superficial Inguinal Ring
Crural fibers include medial crus, lateral crus and intercrural fibers. These fibers all act to do what?
A. Anchor the deep inguinal ring to iliac crest
B. Prevent splitting of superficial inguinal ring
C. Prevent splitting of deep inguinal ring
D. All of the above
Prevent splitting of superficial inguinal ring
What structure, found just medial to the Femoral Canal, anchors the inguinal ligament to the pubis?
A. Pectineal Ligament
B. Lacunar Ligament
C. Conjoint Tendon
D. None of the above
Lacunar Ligament
NOTE: Pectineal L. is the continuation of Lacunar Fibers that run along the pectinate line (pectin pubis)
T/F: THe Superficial Inguinal Ring is really a partial split in the external oblique m. aponeurosis
True
Look at the Layers of Abdomen
cool
What nerve is found above the pubis, and is responsible fot providing motor to IO and TA muscles, and sensory to skin above the pubis?
A. Iliohypogastric N. (L1)
B. Ilioinguinal N. (L1)
C. Genitofemoral N. (L1/2)
Iliohypogastric N. (L1)
All of the following nerves can be found in Hesselbach’s Triangle, but what nerve goes through the Inguinal Canal and exits superficial to the spermatic cord?
A. Iliohypogastric N. (L1)
B. Ilioinguinal N. (L1)
C. Genitofemoral N. (L1/2)
Ilioinguinal N. (L1)
What nerve supplies motor to TA and IO, and sensation to skin over upper/medial thigh and skin to the root of the penis/clitoris?
A. Iliohypogastric N. (L1)
B. Ilioinguinal N. (L1)
C. Genitofemoral N. (L1/2)
Ilioinguinal N. (L1)
What nerve supplies motor to the Cremasteric M., and sensory to a small part of the medial thigh and scrotal/labial fascia?
A. Iliohypogastric N. (L1)
B. Ilioinguinal N. (L1)
C. Genitofemoral N. (L1/2)
Genitofemoral N. (L1/2)
Gonads form around T10 in the embryo, and are pulled posterior to the physiological hernia called the process vaginalis. Which of the following correctly explains how the gonads, vessels and nerves are pulled down into place?
A. Movement of the process vaginalis
B. Movement of the gubernaculum
C. Movement of the Tunica Vaginalis
D. None of the above
Movement of gubernaculum
NOTE: Gubernaculum are future scrotal swellings
What becomes the Tunica Vaginalis that surrounds the testes?
A. Remains of gubernaculum
B. Remains of Tunica albuginea
C. Remains of process vaginalis
D. None of the above
Remains of process vaginalis
The following layers are carried down as the spermatic cord develops. What do these descended portions of the layers become?
Transverse fascia:
Internal Oblique:
External oblique:
Transverse fascia: internal spermatic fascia
Internal Oblique: Cremasteric M.
External oblique: External Spermatic Fascia
What is the name of the abnormality where testis do not descend, which can lead to an increased risk of testicular cancer developing?
Cryptorchid Testis
Varicosities of Pampiniform plexus that cause swelling and a dull recurring pain in the scrotum?
A. Cryptorchid
B. Testicular varicocele
C. Hydrocele
D. Hematocele
Testicular varicocele
What is the result of a persistent Processus Vaginalis?
A. patent connection between tunica vaginalis and tunica albuginea
B. patent connection between tunica albuginea and abdomen
C. patent connection between tunica vaginalis and abdomen
D. Any of the above could result from this
patent connection between tunica vaginalis and abdomen
The following Hydrocele was detected by Transillumination. What is the correct descritpiton of Hydrocele?
A. Blood accumulating between parietal and visceral layer of tunica vaginalis
B. Peritoneal fluid accumulating between parietal and visceral layer of tunica vaginalis
C. Peritoneal fluid accumulating between tunica vaginalis and tunica albuginea
D. Blood accumulating between tunica vaginalis and tunica albuginea
Peritoneal fluid accumulating between parietal and visceral layer of tunica vaginalis
NOTE: Option A was describing Hematocele
In female development the gubernaculum attaches to the developing uterus and pulls it into place. What 2 structures do the gubernaculum end up forming?
Round L. of the Uterus
Ovarian L.
What are 3 contents of the Inguinal Canal in the Female?
Round L. of the Uterus
Ilioinguinal N.
Genital Branch of Genitofemoral N.
The scrotum and labia drain into Superficial Inguinal LN, that eventually travel into what lymph node(s)?
A. Iliac LN only
B. Lumbar LN only
C. Iliac and Lumbar LNs
D. Lumbar and Prearotic LNs
Iliac and Lumbar LNs
Testes drain into what lymph node(s)?
A. Iliac LN only
B. Lumbar LN only
C. Iliac and Lumbar LNs
D. Lumbar and Prearotic LNs
Lumbar and Prearotic LNs
All of the follwing are found in Hassekbach’s TRiangle. Which one is the thickened transversalis fascia that runs posterior to inguinal ligament and works to reinforce the floor of the inguinal canal?
A. Inguinal L.
B. Lateral Umbilical L. (fold)
C. Iliopubic tract
D. TRansversalis L.
Iliopubic tract
Which of the following correctly describes a direct hernia?
A. Lateral to Superior Epigastric A. and includes peritoneum and transversalis fascia alongside the spermatic cord
B. Medial to Inferior Epigastric A. and includes peritoneum and transversalis fascia alongside spermatic cord
C. The peritoneum is found within the spermatic cord
D. Found below the inguinal L. and more common in women
Medial to Inferior Epigastric A. and includes peritoneum and transversalis fascia alongside spermatic cord
Which of the following correctly describes an Indirect Hernia?
A. Lateral to Superior Epigastric A. and includes peritoneum and transversalis fascia alongside the spermatic cord
B. Medial to Inferior Epigastric A. and includes peritoneum and transversalis fascia alongside spermatic cord
C. The peritoneum is found within the spermatic cord
D. Found below the inguinal L. and more common in women
The peritoneum is found within the spermatic cord
Which of the following correctly describes an Femoral Hernia?
A. Lateral to Superior Epigastric A. and includes peritoneum and transversalis fascia alongside the spermatic cord
B. Medial to Inferior Epigastric A. and includes peritoneum and transversalis fascia alongside spermatic cord
C. The peritoneum is found within the spermatic cord
D. Found below the inguinal L. and more common in women
Found below the inguinal L. and more common in women
Look at these abdominal Wall and Groin Hernia Sites
Cool
What layers will be pushed through in an indirect hernia as it goes into the deep inguinal ring and comes out through the superficial inguinal ring? Start from deepest > superficial
Peritoneum > Transversalis Fascia > Spermatic Cord > Cremasteric M.
NOTE: for direct, indirect, and femoral hernia’s the peritoneum will be surrounded by the transversalis fascia
