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GIGU and Repro > Female Reproductive Histology > Flashcards

Female Reproductive Histology Flashcards

1
Q

During the menstrual cycle the uterine cycle and ovarian cycle coexist. In the ______ cycle we prepare for ovulation, and in the ______ cycle we prpare for implantation.

A

During the menstrual cycle the uterine cycle and ovarian cycle coexist. In the ovarian cycle we prepare for ovulation, and in the uterine cycle we prpare for implantation.

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2
Q

The neoplastic disorders (tumors) are group according to origin from the main ovarian cell types. The 3 main cell types are described below. Name them

______: precursor cells of the gametes

______: epithelial cells that originate from the outer epithelial lining

______: derived from the stromal component of the ovary (granulosa cells, thecal cells, and fibrocytes

A

germ cells: precursor cells of the gametes

Mullerian epithelium: epithelial cells that originate from the outer epithelial lining

Sex-cord stromal cells: derived from the stromal component of the ovary (granulosa cells, thecal cells, and fibrocytes

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3
Q

A tumor that’s derived from thecal cells would be described as being made up of what ovarian cell type?

A. Mullerian epithelium

B. Germ cells

C. Sex cord Stromal cells

A

Sex cord Stromal cells

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4
Q

What are the names of the structures indicated by the letters in this picture of the ovary?

A

F: Follicle

M: medulla

H: Hellicine arteries

L: broad ligament

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5
Q

Which of the following is involved with sperm recognition?

A. Theca interna

B. Theca externa

C. Zona pellucida

D. Granulosa cells

A

A. Theca interna - steroid producing

B. Theca externa- fibroblasts and smooth muscle

C. Zona pellucida

D. Granulosa cells

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6
Q

SEcondary oocytes are cells that complete 1st meotic division enter meiosis 2 and get arrested at what phase?

A. Prophase II

B. Metaphase II

C. Anaphase II

D. Telephase II

A

Metaphase II

NOTE: primary oocyte get arrested at Prophase I

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7
Q

What cell type makes up the primary follicle?

A. Simple squamous epithleium with pregranulosa cells

B. Simple squamous epithelium with granulosa cells

C. Simple cuboidal epithelium with granulosa cells

D. Stratified cuboidal epithelium with pregranulosa cells

A

Simple cuboidal epithelium with granulosa cells

NOTE:
primordial follicles are surrounded by simple squamous layer of pregranulosa cells

late primary follicular cells are surrounded by stratified cuboidal layer of granulosa cells

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8
Q

Can you tell the difference between these follicles?

A

Yes I can (take 1): 3

Yes I can (take 2): 5

No I can’t (take 1): 2

No I can’t (take 2): 1

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9
Q

The secondary follicle is identified by the appearance of the antrum. How does the antrum form?

A

Initially, follicular fluid fills small spaces around the granulosa cells, and as the fluid accumulates the cells reorganize. At a certain point the granulosa cells reorganize themselves around a larger cavity that is the ANTRUM

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10
Q

What portion of the depicted cell is vascularized cell layer that also produces androstenedione?

Bonus: Identify the other structures

A

B: Theca Interna

  • Bonus*
  • A: theca externa*
  • B. theca interna*
  • C: Granulosa cells*
  • D. Antrum*
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11
Q

In the MAture (Graffian) Follicle, the antrum swells to it’s max size at 2cm and ends up subdividing the internal granulosa cells into 3 different populations. Which population lines the follicular wall and actively synthesizes and secretes estrogen and follicular fluid?

A. Mural granulosa cell

B. Cumulus oophorus

C. Corona radiata

A

Mural granulosa cell

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12
Q

In the MAture (Graffian) Follicle, the antrum swells to it’s max size at 2cm and ends up subdividing the internal granulosa cells into 3 different populations. What cellls anchor the primary oocyte to the follicle and acts as a nutrient delivery channel?

A. Mural granulosa cell

B. Cumulus oophorus

C. Corona radiata

A

Cumulus oophorus

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13
Q

In the MAture (Graffian) Follicle, the antrum swells to it’s max size at 2cm and ends up subdividing the internal granulosa cells into 3 different populations. What cells are anchored to the zona pellucida and are held together by tight junctions?

A. Mural granulosa cell

B. Cumulus oophorus

C. Corona radiata

A

Corona radiata

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14
Q

What is being depicted in the histological photo below?

A

Follicular Atresia

(apoptosis of all follicles but the strongest, dominant follicle)

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15
Q

In the ovulatory phase there is an LH surge that causes two major things to happen. It causes the primary oocyte to complete meosis 1 and become a secondary oocyte that is arrested at metaphase II. It also promotes the formation of the stigma in the OSE and the follicle to rupture so the oocyte can be released into the uterine tube. This damage occurs via LH surge signalling the protelytic activity of what two cell layers?

A. Theca interna and Theca externa

B. Theca interna and murula granulosa cells

C. Theca externa and Tunica albuginea

D. Tunica albuginea and murula granulosa cells

A

Theca externa and Tunica albuginea

These two things are on the outer portion of the cell…

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16
Q

The stigma has been formed in the OSE, the follicle has ruptured, and the oocyte is out in the uterine tube. Now the OSE must be repaired, what two layers handle this repair

A. Theca interna and Theca externa

B. Theca interna and murula granulosa cells

C. Theca externa and Tunica albuginea

D. Tunica albuginea and murula granulosa cells

A

Theca interna and murula granulosa cells

17
Q

The Luteal phase is when Leutinization occcurs and the corpus leuteum forms. How does the corpus leutuem form?

A

Corpus leutum forms after the follicle basal lamina breaksdown, causing blood vessels to empty into the antrum. That blood coagulates and forms the temporary corpus hemorrhagicum. Once the blood is absorbed, the Corpus Leuteum is left.

18
Q

The granulosa lutein cell is derived from what cell?

What does the granulosa lutein cell secrete in reponse to FSH and LH?

The theca lutein cells are derived from what cell?

What does the theca luetin cell secrete in response to LH?

A

The granulosa lutein cell is derived from what cell?

Mural Granulosa Cell

What does the granulosa lutein cell secrete in reponse to FSH and LH?

Progesterone and Estrogen

The theca lutein cells are derived from what cell?

Theca Interna

What does the theca luetin cell secrete in response to LH?

Progesterone and androstenedione (eventually can become testosterone)

19
Q

T/F

A

True

20
Q

What s the name of the regressed CL that’s been through luteolysis (becuase fertilization didn’t happen) and continues to get very small?

A

Corpus albicans

21
Q

Which of the following correctly arranges the parts of the uterine tube (oviduct) from most prominent mucosal folds to least, and ending at absent mucosal folds?

A. Ampulla > isthmus > uterine part

B. Isthmus> uterine part > ampulla

C. Ampulla > uterine part > isthmus

D. uterine part > isthmus > ampullla

A

Ampulla > isthmus > uterine part

most abundant in ampulla

non-existent in uterine part

22
Q

Which layer of the wall of the oviduct contains ciliated cells and peg cells that are sensitive to estrogen signalling?

A. Mucosal layer

B. inner circular/spiral smooth muscle layer

C. outer longitudinal smooth muscle layer

D. Serosa layer with large blood vessels

A

Mucosal layer

23
Q

What epithelial cell type makes up the mucosal layer of the oviduct/uterine tube?

A. simple cuboidal epithelium

B. simple columnar epithelium

C. striated cuboidal epithelium

D. simple squamous epithelium

A

simple columnar epithelium

  • w/ loose CT of the lamina propria
24
Q

Which of the following correctly describes the perimetrium?

A. Serosa covers entire posterior surface and anterior surface

B. Serosa covers entire posterior surface, and adventitia covers entire anterior surface

C. Serosa covers entire posterior surface and most of the anterior surface, and adventitia covers small part of anterior surface

D. Adventitia covers entire posterior and anterior surface

A

C. Serosa covers entire posterior surface and most of the anterior surface, and adventitia covers small part of anterior surface

25
Q

Which smooth muscle layer of the myometrium has thick vessels called stratume vasculare?

A. Central circular layer

B. Inner layer with longitudinal and oblique fibers

C. Outer layer with longitudinal and oblique fibers

D. None of the layers are vascularized

A

Central circular layer

26
Q

What epithelial cell type makes up the endometrium?

A. Strtified cuboidal with tubular endometrial glands

B. Simple cuboidal with tubular endometrial glands

C. Simple columnar with tubular endometrial glands

D. Stratified columnar with tubular endometrial glands

A

C. Simple columnar with tubular endometrial glands

27
Q

Loss of which of the following strucutures would result in the basal layer degredaing, and thus unable to remain cycle to cycle as it should be in a healthy uterus?

A. Straight artery

B. Spiral artery

C. Coiled artery

D. Functional layer

A

A. Straight artery

28
Q

What phase is completely estrogen dependent and spiral arteries are seen elongating, extending from basal layer to functional layer?

A. Menstrual phase

B. Proliferative Phase

C. Secretory Phase

A

Secretory Phase

29
Q

Glands are most likely to appear saw-tooth in shape during what day of the menstrual cycle?

A. Day 1

B. Day 4

C. Day 12

D. Day 18

A

Day 12

Day 5-14 is proliferative phase

30
Q

What day are we likely to see the endometrium to be at max thickness?

A. Day 4

B. Day 6

C. Day 14

D. Day 25

E. Day 28

A

Day 25

31
Q

Label each of the phases depicted in each picture

A
32
Q

Label each of the phases depicted in each picture

A
33
Q

What is the name of the reaction enacted by decidual cells that basically make sure the mother doesn’t attack the embryo and the syncytiotrophoblast doesnt implant too far in

A

Decidual reaction

34
Q

Cervical crypts increase the SA of mucus producing simple columnar cells. Their height varies with different timing of the menstrual cycle. And if the crypts become occluded and dilate they can form what?

A

Nabothian cysts

35
Q

The transformation zone is a clinically significant area as it is the transition from the endocervix to the ectocervix. What is the transition of the epithelial cell type?

A. simple cuboidal –> keratinized stratified squamous

B. simple columnar –> keratinized stratified squamous

C. simple columnar–> non keratinizaed stratified squamous

D. simple cuboidal –> stratified cuboidal

A

simple columnar–> non keratinizaed stratified squamous

36
Q

Look at this

A

cool

37
Q

Which of the following keeps the vagina moist?

A. Glands in the mucosal layer

B. Glands in the muscularis layer

C. Glands in the adventitia

D. Mucus from the uterine/endocervical glands and glands of Bartholin

A

D. Mucus from the uterine/endocervical glands and glands of Bartholin

THE VAGINA GAS NO GLANDS

38
Q

Here are histo pictures of the vagina. NOTE the lack of glands which is a hallmark

A

A hall markkkk

GIGU and Repro (35 decks)

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