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AS PE > Information Processing > Flashcards

Information Processing Flashcards

0
Q

What is selective attention?

A

When a performer learns to focus on the relevant stimuli and ignore the irrelevant stimuli e.g. a crowd

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1
Q

What is the order of information processing?

A 
Display
Input (senses & receptors) 
Perceptual mechanism 
Translatory mechanism 
Effector mechanism 
Output (muscular contractions) 
Feedback
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2
Q

What is the definition of display?

A

The physical environment surrounding the performer contains various stimuli, which then the performer has to select which is relevant at the time.

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3
Q

That are the sense organs?

A

Sight-eyes
Touch-skin
Hearing-ears
Proprioception-muscle spindles

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4
Q

What is proprioception?

A

Gathering information from inside the body via nerve receptors in the muscle and joint.

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5
Q

What is the perceptual mechanism and what does it do?

A

Detecting information, comparing the long term memory and then recognising that information.

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6
Q

What does the translators mechanism do?

A

Decides what movement to actually do, based on previous experiences.

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7
Q

What does the effector mechanism do?

A

The motor programme is released and completed by the performer.
Neural commands are sent by the brain to the muscle to tell performer to make that specific movement.

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8
Q

What is feedback?

A

From 2 sources:
Extrinsic- from outside e.g. Coach telling you, you did good.

Intrinsic- what your opinion is and what you thought of it.

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9
Q

What are the 5 ways you can improve selective attention?

A
  1. Motivate the athlete
  2. Increase the intensity of the stimuli
  3. Learn to ignore irrelevant stimuli
  4. Mental rehearsal
  5. Direct the performers attention to one aspect of the performance
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10
Q

What is order of memory?

A

Short-term sensory store
Selective attention
Short-term memory
Long-term memory

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11
Q

What are the characteristics for the short-term sensory store?

A

Takes in everything
0.5 second storage
Selective attention takes place here

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12
Q

What are the characteristics for the short-term memory?

A
  1. Stores 5-9 pieces of information
  2. Store for approx 30 seconds
  3. Receives feedback
  4. Compares input info to long-term
  5. Initiates the movement by realising a motor programme
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13
Q

What are the characteristics of the long -term memory

A

Unlimited
Store of past experience
Requires some kind of chemical change in the brain for info to be stored in the ltm.
Only rehearsed and meaningful information enters the long-term store.
Store of motor programmes

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14
Q

What are the 4 strategies to improve memory?

A

Chunking- group info together

Mental rehearsal- visualisation

Repeat movement- practice

Chaining -linking information together

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15
Q

What is reaction time?

A

The time taken to imitate a response to a given stimulus.

16
Q

What is movement time?

A

The time between the start of the movement and it’s completion.

17
Q

What is response time?

A

The time taken from the onset of the stimuli to the completion of the movement.

Reaction time + movement time

18
Q

What is simple reaction time?

A

When there is only one stimuli and one response.

19
Q

What is choice reaction time?

A

When there is a number of stimuli presented and a number is possible responses.

20
Q

What is hicks law?

A

The more choices the slower the reaction but the rate of increase in reaction time decrease with increasing choice
More choices = lower reaction time
Less choices = higher reaction time

21
Q

What can affect reaction time?

A 
Age
Gender
Drugs/ alcohol 
Experience 
Stimulus intensity 
Ability
22
Q

What is the single channel hypothesis ?

A

Only one stimulus can be processed at once, a second stimulus has to wait for the first one to be processed.

23
Q

what is psychological refractory period?

A

Only one stimulus can be processed at once at once, A second stimulus presented before the first has been processed, causes a delay.

24
Q

Why an open loop control system is applicable to all types of skill?

A

because some movements dont change
happens quickly difficult to analyse
Some movements require feedback to make modifications

AS PE (17 decks)

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