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Pathology -- Infectious Disease > Infectious Disease -- Viral IV > Flashcards

Infectious Disease -- Viral IV Flashcards

1
Q

Viruses associated with chronic infection and neoplastic transformation

A 
HSV I and II
EBV
CMV
HTLV
HHV8

HPV
Hep B and Hep C

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2
Q

TYPICALLY, where would you expect to see HSV 1 and 2 on a patient

A

1 - Mouth/Oropharynx

2 - Genitals

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3
Q

Talk through the HSV infection cycle

A

Primary – replicate in skin/MM at site of entrance
Infect local neurons
In immunocompetent hosts, resolve in a few weeks
Remains latent, reactivation spreads it back to skin or MM

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4
Q

Describe the visibility of HSV in latent cells

A

No HSV proteins synthesized
no viral mRNA is transcribed
inability to recover infectious particles from infected ones

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5
Q

What is a Tzanck prep used for?

A

Evaluation of lesions

Look for inclusion-bearing multinucleated syncytia (giant cells)

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6
Q

How to look for inclusion-bearing multinucleated syncytia in an HSV patient?

A

TZANCK prep

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7
Q

Describe the fever blisters/cold sores seen in HSV patients

A

Skin + MM
Frequently bilateral and independent of Skin Dermatomes
Blisters associated with edema and balooning degeneration

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8
Q

What virus is solidly distinguished by dermatomes

A

Varicella Zoster

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9
Q

Do people typically know they have herpes?

A

Nope

Asymptomatic shedding may be enough to infect partners

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10
Q

How can HSV lead to blindness?

A

Corneal lesions –> Cell Infiltrates –> Neovascularization –> Scarring –> Blindness

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11
Q

HSV-1 infections is a major cause of what especially rough effects? What happens to it in immunosuppressed?

A

Cornea blindness, fatal sporadic encephalitis

Disseminated Disease

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12
Q

Symptoms of an HSV-1 congenital infection

A 
Generalized lymphadenopathy
Splenomegaly
Necrotic Foci
Corneal Lesions
CNS damage (deafness, ataxia)
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13
Q

Typical primary presentation of EBV

A

Pharyngitis/Tonsillitis

Infects lymphoid/B cell tissue

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14
Q

Tell me about what the monospot is all about.

A

in EBV, polyclonal activation of B cells makes them dump out all kinds of antibodies. A monoclonal antibody test checks for antibodies reactive against sheep that should exist simply because you’re dumping out so many Abs.

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15
Q

Characteristic immune cell finding in EBV

A

Atypical lymphocytes on Periph. blood smear

the T cells that look like someone sat on the nucleus

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16
Q

EBV latent infection can cause…

A

Burkitt’s Lymphoma
B-cell lymphoma
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma
Maybe sarcoidosis?

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17
Q

Symptoms of Infectious Mononucleosis?

A 
Fatigue
Headache, Low Grade Fever
Pharyngitis
Cervical LN tenderness + Fever
Splenomegaly
Hep, meningioencephalitis, pneumonitis
18
Q

In Infectious Mononucleosis, EBV binds to…

A

Complement Receptor on Epithelial Cells and B cells

19
Q

What kind of T cells become the atypical lymphocytes

A

Suppressor T cells

20
Q

T or F. heterophile antibodies are EBV specific

A

False

21
Q

EBV infections may kill patients with _______ Disease

A

X-lined lymphoproliferative disease

22
Q

Who gets CMV?

A

IC

Neonates

23
Q

CMV is characterized by…

A

large purple nuclear and cytoplasmic inclusions

Focal necrosis with little inflammation

24
Q

How does CMV usually manifest

A

Asymptomatic or a mononucleosis-like illness

25
Q

What happens to Neonates with CMV?

A

Hemolytic Anemia, Jaundice
thrombocytopenia, purpura, hepatosplenomegaly, deafness, chorioretinitis
Brain Damage, Encephalitis

26
Q

Manifestations of CMV in immunosuppressed?

A

Reactivation of latent viral infection

Accompaniment by Pneumocystis carinii in AIDS

27
Q

HPV causes…

A

Proliferative lesions – warts, plantar warts, cervical dysplasia

28
Q

How is HPV transmitted?

A

Direct Contact

29
Q

HPV will initially infect _____ cells.

As __________ happens, more viral genes are expressed

A

Basal cells

Epithelial Cells differentiate

30
Q

Non neoplastic strains of HPV are associated with…

A

koilocytosis

31
Q

Neoplastic strains of HPV are associated with…

A

Viral integration within the DNA, dysplasia

32
Q

The most important medical correlation to draw with HPV?

A

Cervical Carcinoma

Squamous cell carcinoma (vulva, penis)

33
Q

Why can’t you grow HPV in tissue culture?

A

They require terminally differentiating squamous eptithelial cells

34
Q

What is verruca vulgaris?

A

Common Warts

35
Q

Ebola

What matters?

A

Multihemorrhagic manifestation with DIC, Shock
Mortality 30-90%
Person to person transmission
NOSOCOMIAL

36
Q

hanta Virus

What matters?

A

Rodent Bourne
Transmission to humans through rodent urine+feces
Acute Hemorrhagic Pulmonary Syndrome
Southwest

37
Q

Symptoms of Acute Hemorrhagic Pulmonary Syndrome?

A

Fever, acute respiratory distress, hemorrhages, DIC

38
Q

Dengue Virus

What matters?

A

Breakbone Fever – Myalgias+Arthralgias+Rashes
Ab pain, nausea, vom+diarr
Fever, Chills, HA, bleeding

Dengue Shock Syndrome

39
Q

How do people get Dengue?

A

Aedes Mosquito

40
Q

West Nile Virus. What matters?

A

Mosquito transmission. Bird reservoir.
Usually Asymptomatic
Sometimes short-lived fever
Meningitis/Encephalitis in 1/150 clinically infected
Mortality in 10% of those with menin/enceph.

41
Q

Who should be scared of West Nile?

A

IC

Elderly

Pathology -- Infectious Disease (23 decks)

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