Infectious Disease -- Viral IV Flashcards
Viruses associated with chronic infection and neoplastic transformation
HSV I and II EBV CMV HTLV HHV8
HPV
Hep B and Hep C
TYPICALLY, where would you expect to see HSV 1 and 2 on a patient
1 - Mouth/Oropharynx
2 - Genitals
Talk through the HSV infection cycle
Primary – replicate in skin/MM at site of entrance
Infect local neurons
In immunocompetent hosts, resolve in a few weeks
Remains latent, reactivation spreads it back to skin or MM
Describe the visibility of HSV in latent cells
No HSV proteins synthesized
no viral mRNA is transcribed
inability to recover infectious particles from infected ones
What is a Tzanck prep used for?
Evaluation of lesions
Look for inclusion-bearing multinucleated syncytia (giant cells)
How to look for inclusion-bearing multinucleated syncytia in an HSV patient?
TZANCK prep
Describe the fever blisters/cold sores seen in HSV patients
Skin + MM
Frequently bilateral and independent of Skin Dermatomes
Blisters associated with edema and balooning degeneration
What virus is solidly distinguished by dermatomes
Varicella Zoster
Do people typically know they have herpes?
Nope
Asymptomatic shedding may be enough to infect partners
How can HSV lead to blindness?
Corneal lesions –> Cell Infiltrates –> Neovascularization –> Scarring –> Blindness
HSV-1 infections is a major cause of what especially rough effects? What happens to it in immunosuppressed?
Cornea blindness, fatal sporadic encephalitis
Disseminated Disease
Symptoms of an HSV-1 congenital infection
Generalized lymphadenopathy Splenomegaly Necrotic Foci Corneal Lesions CNS damage (deafness, ataxia)
Typical primary presentation of EBV
Pharyngitis/Tonsillitis
Infects lymphoid/B cell tissue
Tell me about what the monospot is all about.
in EBV, polyclonal activation of B cells makes them dump out all kinds of antibodies. A monoclonal antibody test checks for antibodies reactive against sheep that should exist simply because you’re dumping out so many Abs.
Characteristic immune cell finding in EBV
Atypical lymphocytes on Periph. blood smear
the T cells that look like someone sat on the nucleus
EBV latent infection can cause…
Burkitt’s Lymphoma
B-cell lymphoma
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma
Maybe sarcoidosis?
Symptoms of Infectious Mononucleosis?
Fatigue Headache, Low Grade Fever Pharyngitis Cervical LN tenderness + Fever Splenomegaly Hep, meningioencephalitis, pneumonitis
In Infectious Mononucleosis, EBV binds to…
Complement Receptor on Epithelial Cells and B cells
What kind of T cells become the atypical lymphocytes
Suppressor T cells
T or F. heterophile antibodies are EBV specific
False
EBV infections may kill patients with _______ Disease
X-lined lymphoproliferative disease
Who gets CMV?
IC
Neonates
CMV is characterized by…
large purple nuclear and cytoplasmic inclusions
Focal necrosis with little inflammation
How does CMV usually manifest
Asymptomatic or a mononucleosis-like illness
