Infectious Disease -- Bacteria IV -- Packet Additions Flashcards
Typhus fatalities increase with which mutation
G6PD deficiency
How long will a RMSF Fever last for
2-3 weeks
What specific tick transmits Lyme Disease
Tick of the White Tailed Deer
Molecularly speaking – cause of most Lyme Disease symptoms
Binding of Bacterial LPS to TLR2 of macrophages
Three morphology components seen in Lyme
Lymphoplasmacytic infiltrates
Synovial hyperplasia with lymphocytes and plasma cells
Onion-skin arteritis
What is a sylvatic cycle
Man is an accidental victim of cycle where an organism spreads among wild animals
How do people get Tularemia?
Contact with rabbits or rabbit skin
Direct contamination of skin/conjunctiva by organism
Three forms of Tularemia?
Ulceroglandular Tularemia
1 or 2 pulmonary infection with hilar lymphadenopathy
Oculoglandular
What happens in ulceroglandular Tularemia?
Local skin lesion,
Ulcerated Pustule,
enlargement of LN,
Bacteremic Phase
Pathologic mechanism of Tularemia?
Purulent necrosis and granulomatous reactions
Leukocytosis not striking
Tularemia fatalities (1-6%) are associated with…
endotoxin like reactions
Bacterial Pet-Related Diseases Include…
Pasturella multocida
Cat Scratch (Bartonella henselae)
Ornithosis (Chlamydia psittaci)
Salmonellosis
How do people get Pasturella multocida?
Animal Bites, Scratches (esp Cats)
Symptoms of Pasturella multocida infection
Rapidly developing cellulitis, abscesses, sepsis
Treatment for animal bites in response to Pasturella multocida?
Augmentin
Symptoms of Bartonella henslae?
Possibly Asymptomatic
Localized Lymphadenopathy
Who gets Bartonella henslae?
Mainly young children
What happens when an AIDS patient gets Bartonella henslae?
Bacillary angiomatosis
Ornithosis is caused by….
Chlamydia psittaci
How do you get infected with Chlamydia psittaci?
Inhalation of dust-borne excreta from birds
Symptoms of Chlamydia psittaci?
Pneumonia (May involve severe dyspnea without other signs)
Interstitial inflammation with edema, hyperemia, mononuc. infiltrate
Lethal Generalized disease
Hallmarks of Chlamydia psittaci lethal generalized disease
Focal necrosis in the liver + Spleen
Diffuse mononuclear infiltrative changes in kidneys, heart, and brain
Salmonellosis is caused by which pets?
Turtles, Reptiles
Toxoplasmosa gondii is what type of microbe?
Obligate Intracellular Protazoan
Effects of Toxoplasmosa gondii in a normal person?
Subclinical infection or mild lymphadenopathy
Toxoplasmosa gondii is spread how (usually)?
Reproduces in cat intestinal epithelium
Shed in feces
Oocytes mature in 24 hours
Toxoplasmosa gondii in mom’s first trimester leads to…
Severe disseminated infection
Fatality rate of 25%
Transplacental Transmission
Toxoplasmosa gondii in mom’s third trimester leads to…
Chorioretinitis/Blindness
Toxoplasmosa gondii in AIDS patients leads to….
Encephalitis
Pathogenesis of Toxoplasmosa gondii in normal person?
Can infect all cell types by binding laminin receptors
Lymphoid Hyperplasia
Pathogenesis of Toxoplasmosa gondii in IC and neonates?
Extensive destruction of the CNS, Liver, Heart, Lungs, Adrenals
What can Toxoplasmosa gondii do in AIDS patients (other than swell the brain)
Reactivate a latent infection
Leptospirosis symptoms in mild disease
Acute, self limited, febrile illness
Biphasic Fever and meningeal irritation
Conjunctival irritation and hyperemia
How is Leptospirosis transmitted?
Excreted in dog urine
Also transmitted in water contaminated with animal products
More severe Leptospirosis symptoms?
Lymphocytic atypical meningitis: severe Leptospirosis with jaundice, bleeding, and renal failure (Weil’s Disease)
Pathogenesis of Leptospirosis?
Leptospirae disseminate through liver, spleen, kidneys, CNS with minimal cellular rxn
Lymphocytes appear in immune phase
Looks like viral meningitis
How do people get Rabies?
Wild dogs cause to most cases worldwide
In US – mostly bats, some raccoons, foxes, skunks, and coyotes
Rabies is histologically identified by…
Negrii bodies in nerve cells
How is Rabies diagnosed?
Direct examination of brain tissue from an infected animal
How is Rabies treated?
gamma globulin
Three diseases primarily assocaited with Cats
Pasteruella multocida
Cat-Scratch (Bartonella)
Toxoplasmosis
Two primarily dog related diseases?
Leptospirosis
Rabies
Lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus is carried by
Hamsters and other pocket pets
pathologic mechanism of anthrax?
Antiphagocytic activity, Edema Factor, Cytotoxic Factor
Infections associated with leukopenia
Can cause meningitis, electrolyte imbalane
Death by DIC
How to treat anthrax?
Penicillin
Doxy
Listeria monocytogenes method of transmission?
- Contact with infected abortion, stillbirth, or neonatal sepsis from infected animals
- Unpasteurized Milk and Milk Products
- Contaminated Silage, forage
- Vaginally during childbirth
Forms of Listeria monocytogenes
Abortion (amnionitis)
Neonatal Sepsis
Meningitis (in IC adults)
How is Brucellosis transmitted?
Contact with infected tissues
Unpasteurized milk and milk Products
Occupational exposure for vets/meat workers
Forms of Brucellosis?
- Symmetrical bacterial disease with bacteremia, fever granulomatous inflammation of lymphoreticular system –> hepatosplenomegaly
- Rarely, pneumonias
Pathologic mechanisms of Brucellosis?
Intracellular habitat and macrophage activation
How is Q Fever transmitted?
By Tick
Symptoms of Q Fever?
Headache, Cough, Myalgia, Lymphadenopathy, hepatosplenomegaly
2. Rare pneumonias
Mechanism of Q Fever?
Nonspecific Necrosis
Mononuclear Infiltrates
Fibrin Exudates
What are Glanders and Melioidosis caused by?
Pseudomonas mallei and pseudomallei
Glanders and Melioidosis animal reservoirs?
Horses, Donkeys, Mules
Glanders and Melioidosis symptoms
Local papular abscess Regional lymph nodes Satellite, Pyemic Abscesses Bacteremia Fatal Lung Involvement
