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Year 3 Haematology > Infections > Flashcards

Infections Flashcards

1
Q

neutrophils - infections

A

bacterial and fungal

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2
Q

monocytes - infections

A

fungal

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3
Q

eosinophils - infections

A

parasitic

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4
Q

T lymphocytes - infections

A

fungal and viral

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5
Q

B lymphocytes - infections

A

bacterial

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6
Q

reducing risk of infection in haematological malignancy

A

prophylaxis eg antibiotics, anti-virals, antifungals
growth factors
protective environment eg laminar flow rooms
IV Ig replacement
vaccines

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7
Q

Neutropenic risk - 3 parts

A

cause of neutropenia
degree of neutropenia
duration of neutropenia

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8
Q

Additional risk factors for infection

A

disrupted skin/mucosa eg hickman line/venflon
altered flora
lymphopenia eg lymphoma
monocytopenia

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9
Q

Causes of febrile neutropenia - bacteria

A

60-70% gram positive

30-40% gram negative bacilli

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10
Q

gram +ve bacteria

A

staph - MRSA, coagulase negative

step - viridans

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11
Q

gram -ve bacteria

A

E.coli
pseudomonas
klebsiella

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12
Q

Possible sites for infection

A 
respiratory tract 
GI tracts 
mouth ulcers 
skin sores 
exit site of central venous catheters
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13
Q

Fungal infections in immunocompromised

A

candida, aspergillus
lung, liver, brain
monocytopenia

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14
Q

Presentation of neutropenic sepsis

A 
fever 
rigors 
chest infection 
cellulitis 
septic shock 
UTI
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15
Q

sepsis 6

A

IV antibiotics, IV fluids and high flow oxygen

urine output, serum lactate and blood cultures

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16
Q

investigating neutropenic fever

A 
history and exam 
blood cultures - hickmans
CXR 
throat swab, sputum etc
FBC, coagulation screen, renal and liver function
17
Q

managing neutropenic sepsis

A 
resuscitation - ABC 
broad spectrum IV antibiotics 
gram +ve add vancomycin
no response: IV anti-fungal 
CT chest/abdo/pelvis
18
Q

Infection in severely lymphopenic patients causes

A

allograft stem cell transplant
total body irradiation
lymphoid malignancy

19
Q

types of infection in lymphopenic patients

A 
atypical pneumonia - PJP
CMV 
shingles, EBC, adenovirus, mouth ulcers 
fungal 
atypical mycobacteria

Year 3 Haematology (18 decks)

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