Hypersensitivity Flashcards
What is hypersensitivity
normal components of immune system act in exaggerated/inappropriate way to environmental antigen
ACID acronym
anaphylaxis
cytotoxic
immune complex
delayed
ABCD acronym
allergy
blood groups
complexes
delayed
Type 1 hypersensivity
IgE mediated immediate reaction due to hypersensitive Th cells
2 phases of type 1 hypersensitivity
sensitisation
reaction phase
Early reaction phase of type 1 hypersensitivity
mast cell degranulation
histamine
late reaction phase of type 1 hypersensitivity
eosinophils
basophils
interleukins
Th2
treating type 1 hypersensitivity
allergen avoidance
corticosteroids
antihistamine
adrenaline
Atopic
genetic tendency to develop allergic diseases
atopic triad
children
exposed and flexor surfaces
basophil and eosinophil degranulation
What happens in type 3 hypersensitivity?
antigen-antibody immune complex formation
deposition in tissues which activates phagocytes and complement
cause inflammation
Example of type 3 hypersensitivity
SLE
self reactive B/T cells - antibodies to dsDNA
What mediates type 4 hypersensitivity?
Th1 and Tc
Example of type 4 hypersensitivity
contact dermatitis
contact dermatitis
haptens cross stratum corneum
langerhans cells
