Autoimmunity Flashcards
What does an infected cell do in the innate immune system?
downregulate MHC1
secrete INFa/b
activate NK cell to secrete INFg
Sentinel cells and examples
innate immune system - embeded in tissues
eg Langerhans, Kupffer, dendritic cells, alveolar macropahges etc
2 main functions of complement
opsonisation
MAC
Tolerance
A state of unresponsiveness of the immune system to self
central tolerance
thymus
negative selection and inactivation of cells that recognise self
peripheral tolerance
inhibit immune response
T reg cells
How can T reg cells be turned off?
IL-17 from Th17
Autoimmunity
physiological autorecognition with secondary epiphenomena
Autoimmune disease
immune response contributing directly to tissue/organ damage
Autoimmune disease epidemiology
> 100 disorder
80% female
20% prevalence
HLA
What causes autoimmuity
immune regulation hormonal genetic factors environmental unknown
Cell mediated autoimmunity cells
T and NK cells
bypass B cells
cell mediated autoimmunity examples
Type 1 DM
crohns
psoriasis
coeliac
Familial gene - crohns
NOD2
What type of hypersensitivity reaction is antibody mediated autoimmunity?
2
example of antibody mediated autoimmunity
goodpastures
briefly describe goodpastures
anti GBM - type 4 collagen
lungs - pulmonary haemorrhage
kidneys
myaesthenia gravis association
thymoma
What is myaesthnia gravis?
autoimmune disease against the NMJ
ACH receptor antibodies
Molecular mimicry example and explain
rheumatic fever
antigen on bacteria share antigen on muscle cell
organ specific vs non organ specific AI disease
specific - antigen to single organ/tissue eg thyroid, type 1 DM, myaesthnia gravis
non specific eg joints, skin
- SLE, RA, vasculitis
Treating AI disease
immunosuppression
anti inflammatory
plasmapheresis
transplant
