Industrial Revolution Flashcards
Effects of the commercial revolution
Great Britain becomes most highly developed banking system in Europe
Commercial revolution
Successful British merchants had capital for investment
Incentives of the textile
Large global demand for cotton cloth
John Kay
Invented the flying shuttle enabling a single weaver to work twice as fast
James Hargreaves
Invents spinning Jenny
Richard Arkwright
Water frame
Samuel Crompton
Invents the mule
Edmund Cartwright
Invents power loom
Eli Whitney
Invents the Cottongin
Results of continues technological improvements during the textile industry
Shift from human animal to mechanical power, Increase in British cotton production
James Watt
Patented the first steam engine
Replaced water power in British textile factories
The steam engine
Key roll in boosting iron production during the Industrial Revolution
Steam power
Effects of railroads during the Industrial Revolution
Stimulated further industrial growth, Reduce the cost of shipping freight, Promoted leisure travel
Manufactured one half the world’s cotton in 1850
Great Britain
The great exhibition
Celebrated Britain’s undisputed economic and technological dominance
The factory system
Workers used machines manufactured goods
Effects of the factory system
The putting out system disappeared, Exposed workers to dangerous machines and Deadly diseases, Widespread employment of women and children
The factory system transformed many small towns into
Crowded cities
During the Industrial Revolution workers lived in
Crowded slums that lacked sanitation
enjoyed political power and leisure time during the Industrial Revolution
The middle class or bourgeoisie
Commonly accepted political policy during the Industrial Revolution
Adam Smith’s laissez faire
Thomas Malthus
Argued that human population grows geometrically while food Supply expands arithmetically
David Ricardo
Formulated the iron law of wages
The iron law of wages
David Ricardo, Increasing working class wages would prompt laborers to have more children. As the supply of workers increased, their wages would decline
Luddites
Broke into early textile factories and smashed machinery
Effects of the Luddites
New laws against the destruction of machines, formation of labor unions.
The combination and of 1799 and 1800
Prohibited British labor unions
Socialism During the Industrial Revolution
The existing distribution of wealth is unjust
Utopian societies
Societies based on cooperation instead of competition
Marx argue that 19 century society had been split into
The bourgeoisie and the proletariat
Karl Marx argued that class struggle between the bourgeoisie and the proletariat Would lead to
Dictatorship of the proletariat
