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Boards Chiro Essentials > Important Musculature > Flashcards

Important Musculature Flashcards

1
Q

What is the origin of the SCM?

A

Mastoid process, lateral 1/3 of the superior nuchal line

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2
Q

What is the insertion of the SCM?

A

Manubrium and medial 1/3 of the clavicle

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3
Q

What innervates the SCM?

A

Spinal part of CN XI and ventral rami of C2/C3

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4
Q

What action does the SCM carry out?

A

Tilts the head towards the shoulder on the same side and rotates the head to the contralateral side

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5
Q

What is the origin of the trapezius?

A

Medial 1/3 of the superior nuchal line, EOP, Ligamentum Nuchae, Spinous process of C7 and all thoracic vertebrae

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6
Q

What is the insertion of the trapezius?

A

Lateral 1/3 of the clavicle, acromion, and spin of the scapula

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7
Q

What is the innervation of the trapezius?

A

Spinal part of CN XI and C3/C4

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8
Q

What action does the trapezius carry out?

A

Shrugs the shoulders, retracts and rotates the scapula

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9
Q

Where does the latissimus dorsi originate?

A

Thoracolumbar fascia, spinous process of the lower thoracic and lumbar vertebrae

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10
Q

Where does the latissimus dorsi insert into?

A

Floor of the bicipital groove

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11
Q

What innervates the latissimus dorsi?

A

Thoracodorsal nerve (C6-8)

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12
Q

What actions does the latissimus dorsi carry out?

A

Adducts, extends, and medially rotates the arm

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13
Q

What is the origin of the levator scapulae?

A

Transverse processes of C1/C2, Posterior tubercles of C3/C4

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14
Q

What is the insertion of the levator scapulae?

A

Superior angle of the scapula to the rood of the spine of the scapula

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15
Q

What is the innervation of the levator scapulae?

A

Dorsal Scapular Never C5

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16
Q

What is the action of the levator scapulae?

A

Elevate the scapula

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17
Q

What is the origin of the scalenus anterior?

A

Anterior tubercles of the transverse processes of C3-6

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18
Q

What is the insertion of the scalenus anterior?

A

Scalene tubercle of the first rib

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19
Q

What is the innervation of the scalenus anterior?

A

C4-6 anterior rami

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20
Q

What is the action of the scalenus anterior?

A

Ipsilateral lateral flexion of the neck

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21
Q

What is the origin of the scalenus medius?

A

Posterior tubercles of the transvers processes of C2-C6

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22
Q

Where does the scalenus medius insert?

A

Upper aspect of rib 1 between the groove for the subclavian artery and the tubercle

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23
Q

What is the innervation of the scalenus medius?

A

C3-C7 anterior rami

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24
Q

What is the action of the scalenus medius?

A

Ipsilateral flexion of the neck

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25
Q

What is the origin of the serratus anterior?

A

Lateral aspect of the upper 8 ribs

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26
Q

What is the insertion of the serratus anterior?

A

The medial aspect of the inferior surface of the scapula

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27
Q

What is the innervation of the serratus anterior?

A

Long Thoracic Nerve C5-7

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28
Q

What is the action of the serratus anterior?

A

Draws the scapula forward and rotates it

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29
Q

What is the origin of the deltoid?

A

Lateral 1/3 of the clavicle, acromion and spine of scapula

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30
Q

What is the insertion of the deltoid?

A

Deltoid tubercle of the humerus

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31
Q

What is the innervation of the deltoid?

A

Axillary nerve C5, C6

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32
Q

What is the action of the deltoid?

A

Adducts the arm (15-90 degrees), Anterior fibers flex and medially rotate the arm, Posterior fibers extend and laterally rotate the arm

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33
Q

What is the origin of pectoralis major?

A

Sternum, Upper 6 costal cartilages, and medial half of the clavicle

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34
Q

What is the insertion of pectoralis major?

A

Lateral lip of the bicipital groove

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35
Q

What is the innervation of pectoralis major?

A

Medial (C8-T1) and Lateral (C5-C7) pectoral nerves

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36
Q

What is the function of pectoralis major?

A

Adducts, flex, and medially rotates the arm; if the arm is flexed, it extends

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37
Q

What is the origin of supraspinatus?

A

Supraspinous fossa of the scapula

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38
Q

What is the insertion of supraspinatus?

A

Superior facet of the greater tuberosity of the humerus

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39
Q

What is the innervation of supraspinatus?

A

Suprascapular nerve C5-C6

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40
Q

What is the action of supraspinatus?

A

Initiate Abduction (0-15 degrees)

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41
Q

What is the origin of the infraspinatus?

A

Infraspinous fossa of the scapula

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42
Q

What is the insertion of the infraspinatus?

A

The middle facet of the greater tuberosity of the humerus

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43
Q

What innervates the infraspinatus?

A

Suprascapular nerve C5-C6

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44
Q

What is the action of the infraspinatus?

A

Externally rotates the humerus

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45
Q

What is the origin of teres major?

A

Oval depression on the lateral aspect of the dorsum of the scapula above the inferior angle

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46
Q

What is the insertion of teres major?

A

Medial lip of the bicipital groove

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47
Q

What is the innervation of teres major?

A

Subscapular nerve (C5-6)

48
Q

What is the action of teres major?

A

Extends, adducts and medially rotates the arm

49
Q

What is the origin of teres minor?

A

Middle third of the lateral border of the scapula

50
Q

What is the insertion of teres minor?

A

Inferior facet of the greater tuberosity of humerus

51
Q

What is the innervation of teres minor?

A

Axillary nerve (C5-6)

52
Q

What is the action of teres minor?

A

Externally rotate the arm

53
Q

What is the origin of the subscapularis?

A

Medial 2/3s of the ventral aspect of the scapula

54
Q

What is the insertion of the subscapularis?

A

Lesser tuberosity of the humerus

55
Q

What is the innervation of the subscapularis?

A

Subscapular nerve (C5-6)

56
Q

What is the action of the subscapularis?

A

Internally rotates and adducts the arm

57
Q

What is the origin of the biceps brachii?

A

Coracoid process, supraglenoid tubercle

58
Q

What is the insertion of the biceps brachii?

A

Radial tuberosity of the radius

59
Q

What is the innervation of biceps brachii?

A

Musculocutaneous (C5-7)

60
Q

What is the action biceps brachii?

A

Flex and supinate the elbow

61
Q

What is the origin of triceps?

A

Infraglenoid Tubercle

62
Q

What is the insertion of triceps?

A

Olecranon of the ulna

63
Q

What is the innervation of the triceps?

A

Radial nerve

64
Q

What is the action of the triceps?

A

Extends the forearm and adducts the arm

65
Q

What is the origin of the brachioradialis?

A

Upper 2/3s of the lateral supracondylar ridge of the humerus

66
Q

What is the insertion of the brachioradialis?

A

Base of the styloid process of the radius

67
Q

What is the innervation of the brachioradialis?

A

Radial nerve

68
Q

What is the origin of pronator teres?

A

Medial epicondyle of the humerus and the medial border of the coronoid process of ulna

69
Q

What is the insertion of pronator teres?

A

Upper part of the radius

70
Q

What is the innervation of pronator teres?

A

Median nerve

71
Q

What is the action of pronator teres?

A

Pronates the forearm and flexes the elbow

72
Q

What is the origin of psoas major?

A

Bodies, IVDs, and transverse process L1-L5

73
Q

What is the insertion of psoas major?

A

Lesser trochanter of the femur

74
Q

What is the innervation of the psoas major?

75
Q

What is the action of psoas major?

A

Flexes the thigh and trunk

76
Q

What is the origin of gluteus maximus?

A

Ilium, sacrum, coccyx, and sacrotuberous ligament

77
Q

What is the insertion of gluteus maximus?

A

Gluteal tuberosity of the femur (25%) AND Iliotibial band (75%)

78
Q

What is the innervation of gluteus maximus?

A

Inferior gluteal nerve (L4,L5, and S1)

79
Q

What is the action of the gluteus maximus?

A

Extends and externally rotates the thigh

80
Q

What is the origin of the piriformis?

A

Pelvic surface of sacrum

81
Q

What is the insertion of the piriformis?

A

Medial aspect of the superior border of the greater trochanter of the femur

82
Q

What is the innervation of the piriformis?

83
Q

What is the action of the piriformis?

A

Externally rotates the thigh

84
Q

What is the origin of the tensor fascia lata?

A

Outer aspect of iliac crest

85
Q

What is the insertion of the tensor fascia lata?

A

Iliotibial tract

86
Q

What is the innervation of the tensor fascia lata?

A

Superior gluteal nerver (L4,L5,S1)

87
Q

What is the action of the tensor fascia lata?

A

Maintains knee extension and abducts the thigh

88
Q

What is the origin of the quadriceps femoris

A

AIIS (straight head of the rectus femoris), Superior rim of the acetabulum (reflected head of the rectus femoris), Femur (vastus medialis, intermedius, lateralis)

89
Q

Where is the insertion of the quadriceps femoris?

A

Tibial tuberosity

90
Q

Where is the innervation of the quadriceps?

91
Q

What is the action of the quadriceps femoris?

A

Extends the knee, stabilizes the patellar tendon which encloses the patella

92
Q

What is the origin of the tibialis anterior?

A

Upper half of the lateral aspect of the tibial shaft and interosseus membrane

93
Q

What is the insertion of the tibialis anterior?

A

inferomedial aspect of the medial cuneiform and base of 1st metatarsal bone

94
Q

What innervates the tibialis anterior?

A

Deep peroneal nerve (L4, L5)

95
Q

What is the action of tibialis anterior?

A

Dorsiflexes and inverts the foot

96
Q

What is the origin of extensor hallucis longus?

A

Middle half of anterior aspect of fibula, interosseus membrane

97
Q

What is the insertion of extensor hallucis longus?

A

Base of the distal phalanx of the 1st toe

98
Q

What is the innervation of the of extensor hallucis longus?

A

Deep fibular nerve (L5, S1)

99
Q

What is the action of extensor hallucis longus?

A

Extends the big toe and dorsiflexes of the ankle

100
Q

What is the origin of peroneus longus?

A

Lateral tibal condyle, head and upper lateral aspect of fibula

101
Q

What is the insertion of peroneus longus?

A

Inferolateral aspect of of the medial cuneiform and base of 1st meta-tarsal

102
Q

What is the innervation of peroneus longus?

A

Superficial peroneal nerve (L5, S1)

103
Q

What is the action of peroneus longus?

A

Plantar flex and everts the foot

104
Q

What is the origin of the gastrocnemius?

A

Posterior aspects of the medial and lateral femoral condyles

105
Q

What is the insertion of the gastrocnemius?

A

Posterior aspect of the calcaneus via calcaneal tendon

106
Q

What is the innervation of the gastrocnemius?

A

Tibial nerve S1 and S2

107
Q

What is the action of the gastrocnemius?

A

Plantar flexing the ankle

108
Q

What is the origin of soleus?

A

Soleal line, middle 1/3 of the tibia, and upper third of the fibula

109
Q

What is the insertion of the soleus?

A

Calcaneal tendon

110
Q

What is the innervation of the soleus?

A

Tibial nerves S1 and S2

111
Q

What is the action of the soleus?

A

Plantar flexion and aiding venous return

112
Q

What is the origin of tibialis posterior?

A

Interosseus membrane and the upper parts of the tibia and fibula

113
Q

What is the insertion of tibialis posterior?

A

Navicular, three cuneiform bones, and the bases of 2-4 metatarsals

114
Q

What is the innervation of tibialis posterior?

A

Tibial nerve L5 and S1

115
Q

What is the action of tibialis posterior?

A

Plantar flexes and inverts the foot; supports the medial longitudinal arch of the food

Boards Chiro Essentials (20 decks)

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