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Respiratory > Immunology > Flashcards

Immunology Flashcards

1
Q

What is the major hallmark of immune deficiency?

A
  • recurrent infections
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2
Q

What does SPUR stand for in immunology?

A

S- Serious infection
P - persistent infection
U - unusual infection
R - Recurrent infection

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3
Q

What is a primary immune deficiency?

A
  • genetic
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4
Q

What is a secondary immune deficiency?

A
  • caused by infection

- treatments (immunosuppression)

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5
Q

3 examples of primary immune deficiencies?

A
  • primary antibody deficency
  • congenital phagocytosis deficiency
  • complement system disorder
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6
Q

3 different examples of defects in neutrophils?

A
  • neutropenia –> failure to produce them
  • defect in trans endothelial migration
  • defect in neutrophilic killing
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7
Q

Treatments of primary immune deficiencies?

A
  • immunoglobin replacement therapy

- management of infection

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8
Q

What does hypersensitivity mean?

A
  • immune response that results in bystander damage to the self
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9
Q

Explain Type 1 hypersensitivity

A
  • allergy

- IgE mediated

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10
Q

Explain type II hypersensitivity

A
  • IgG
  • IgM mediated
  • tissue specific
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11
Q

Explain type III hypersensitivity

A
  • immune complex mediated

- Soluble antigens

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12
Q

Explain type iV hypersensitivity

A
  • delayed

- T cell mediated

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13
Q

example of a type 1 hypesensitivity reaction

A
  • allergy
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14
Q

example of a type 2 hypesensitivity reaction

A

good pastures syndrome

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15
Q

example of a type 3 hypesensitivity reaction

A

SLE

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16
Q

example of a type 4 hypesensitivity reaction

A

TB

Sarcoidosis

17
Q

Explain the pathophysiology of sarcoidosis

A
  • inhalation of unknown antigen
  • macrophages stimulates, CD4 and CD8
  • failure to clear antigen
  • granuloma formation
  • tissue damage
18
Q

ABCD of type I-IV

A

I - Allergy
II - antiBody
III - immune Complex
IV - Delayed

19
Q

Define autoimmunity

A
  • presence of immune responses against self-tissues
20
Q

2 responses of the normal immune system for autoimmune diseases?

A
  • deletion of the self-reactive lymphocyte in primary lymphoid tissue (central tolerance)
  • inactivation of self-reactive lymphocyte in peripheral tissues that escaped central tolerance
21
Q

What is the purpose of Treg cells?

A
  • inactivation of lymphocytes

- produce anti-inflammatory cytokines

22
Q

IPEX syndrome is an ______ genetic condition

A
  • x linked
23
Q

IPEX syndrome is caused by a failure of______

A
  • peripheral tolerance
24
Q

What 3 factors can cause an autoimmune disease?

A
  • genetics
  • environment
  • immune regulation factors
25
Q

HLA is another name for____

A
  • MHC molecules
26
Q

What environmental factors can cause autoimmune diseases?

A
  • infection
  • cigarette smoking
  • hormone levels
27
Q

What is immune regulation?

A
  • importance of immune regulation in mainting self tolerance
28
Q

2 ways in which autoimmune diseases can be classified?

A
  • clinical

- pathological

29
Q

What are TH17 cells responsible for?

A
  • inflammation

- autoimmune diseases

Respiratory (25 decks)

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