Childhood respiratory Flashcards
What is respiratory distress syndrome (RDS)?
- surfactant deficiency
- 1% of all births
- mainly preterm babies
What is surfactant? and when is it secreted?
- mixture of lipids and proteins secreted by type II alveoli
- reduces surface tension in the lungs
- production stimulated by steroids
- secreted 30-32 weeks gestation normally
What is a pneumothroax and what are the risk factors in children?
- air in the pleural space
- increased incidence with ventaliation
- increased incidence with RDS
What are the symptoms of chronic lung disease in children?
- RDS (Respiratory Distress Syndrome)
- continued need for positive pressure support/oxygen after 36weeks gesatation in preterm baby
What is dextrocardia?
- heart facing the wrong way
- points to the right side
What is a diaphragmatic hernia?
- hole in the hernia
- allows abdominal organs to enter the chest
- needs treated surgically
What is transient tachypnoea of the newborn?
- seen in full term
- abnormally fast breathing
- lung fluid present
- ??? infection
What are the symptoms of cystic fibrosis in children?
- failure to thrive
- cough
- lung infections
- loose stools
What are the symptoms of asthma in children?
- cheese, cough, chest tightness
- atrophy
- difficulty breathing
- wheeze on auscultatation
What is the treatment plan to manage asthma in children?
- SABA
- ICS
- LABA
- ? leukotriene antagonist
Acute asthma attack in a paedeatric
- oxygen
- nebuliser salbutamol
- oral prednisolone
- IV salbutamol
- IV amunophylline
- IV magnesium
- ventilatory support
Symptoms of bronchiolitis in children?
- poor feeding
- irritating cough
What is the characteristic of croup cough? and how do you treat?
- barking cough
- reduce inflammation!
