Immunology

Question 0

The two most common causes of fatal anaphylaxis?

Answer 0

Injected penicillin
Bee and wasps stings

400-800 deaths annually in US attributed to anaphylaxis

Question 1

Exaggerated response by immune system to foreign substance

Answer 1

Allergic Reaction

Question 2

Principal body system involved in allergic reactions
Responsible for combating infection
Components found in blood, bone marrow, lymphatic system.

Answer 2

Immune system

Question 3

Destruction or inactivation of pathogens, abnormal cells, foreign molecules such as toxins

Answer 3

Goals of immune response

Question 4

Direct attack of foreign substance by specialized of immune system.

Answer 4

Cellular immunity

Question 5

Chemical attack of invading substance

Answer 5

Humoral immunity

Question 6

Principal chemical agents of this attack are?

Answer 6

Antibodies

Question 7

Antibodies are manufactured by specialized cells of immune system called

Answer 7

B cells

Question 8

Humoral immune response begins with exposure of body

Answer 8

Antigen

Question 9

Any substance capable of inducing a immune response

Answer 9

Antigen

Question 10

Inital response to antigen

Several days are required before both cellular and humoral components of immune system respond

Answer 10

Primary response

Question 11

Antibodies specific for offending antigen.

Antigen specific antibodies more effective

Answer 11

Secondary exposure

Question 12

Inital exposure of individual to antigen ; results in immune response

Answer 12

Allergies

Question 13

Most common cause of fatal anaphylaxis

Answer 13

Parentereal penicillin

Question 14

Second most frequent cause of fatal anaphylaxis

Answer 14

Insect stings

Question 15

IgE release histamine, heparin and other substances

Answer 15

De granulation

Question 16

Principal chemical mediator of allergic reaction is

Answer 16

Histamine (

Question 17

Potent substance which causes bronchoconstriction , increased intestinal motility, vasodilation, increased vascular permeability

Answer 17

Histamine

Question 18

Cardiovascular 
Respiratory
GI
And the skin 
Are?

Answer 18

Principal body systems affected by anaphylaxis

Question 19

End tidal CO2 level may climb due to development of both ?

Answer 19

Respiratory and metabolic acidosis

Question 20

Cellular immunity

Answer 20

Involves direct attack of the foreign substance by specialized cells of the immune system.
these cells physically engulf and deactivate or destroy offending agent

Question 21

Humoral immunity

Answer 21

Chemical attack of the invading substance

*The principal chemical agents of this attack are antibodies, also called immunoglobulin

Question 22

Sensitization

Answer 22

The initial exposure of an individual to an antigen

Question 23

Drugs
Food and food additives 
Animals
Insects (Hymenoptera stings) and insect parts
Fungi and molds
Radiology contrast materials

Answer 23

Common allergies

Question 24

H1 receptor

Answer 24

Smooth muscle, endothelial cells

-Acute allergic reactions

Question 25

H2 receptor

Answer 25

Gastric parietal cells

-secretion of gastric acid