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Module 2 > Hematology/Oncology > Flashcards

Hematology/Oncology Flashcards

0
Q

Iron deficiency anemia, hemophilia, sickle cell disease, leukemias, and lymphomas, cancer of organs are diseases of?

A

Hematology-oncology

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1
Q

The diagnosis, treatment and prevention of blood diseases and cancer and research into them.

A

Hematology-oncology

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2
Q

The study of blood and blood-forming organs.

A

Hematology

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3
Q

Red blood cell disorders
White blood cell disorders
Platelet disorders
Coagulation problems

A

Hematologic disorders

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4
Q

Blood loss
Decreased or faulty RBC production
Destruction of RBC

A

Anemias

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5
Q 
Sickle cell anemia 
Iron deficiency 
Vitamin deficiency- pernicious
Bone marrow/stem cell production- hemolytic/aplastic
Gestational
A

Types of anemia

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6
Q

Inherited disorder that affects African Americans.
Red blood cells become crescent - shaped because of genetic defect.
They break down rapidly, so oxygen does not get the body’s organs, causing anemia.
The crescent shaped blood can cells also get stuck in tiny blood vessels, causing pain.

A

Sickle cell anemia

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7
Q 
Disease of a cell
Abnormal cell structure
Uncontrolled growth
Ability to spread 
Ability to invade normal tissue (lack
A

Cancer

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8
Q
  1. Cancer cells invade surrounding tissues and blood vessels
  2. Cancer cells are transported by the circulatory system to distant sites
  3. Cancer cells reins de and grow at new location
A

Invasion and metastasis

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9
Q

Tumor cells grow only locally and cannot spread by invasion or metastasis

A

Benign ( not cancer )

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10
Q

Cells invade neighboring tissues, enter blood vessels, and metastasize to different sites.

A

Malignant ( cancer )

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11
Q

Biopsy
Lab results
Diagnostic imaging
Endoscopy

A

Diagnosis of Cancer

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12
Q

Carcinogenic chemicals
Carcinogenic radiation
Cancer viruses or bacteria

A

Cancer prevention

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13
Q

Chemotherapy and biological therapies
Radiation therapy
Surgery

Physicians also plan treatments based on several key factors, such as the type and stage of cancer, as well the person’s age, health, and lifestyle.

A

Cancer treatments

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14
Q

Treatment side effects

A

N+v, constipation, diarrhea, anorexia, pain

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15
Q

Pain from tumor that is pressing on organs, nerves, or bones
Blockage of an organ or canal in the body
Metastasis (cancer cells that have spread to other site in the body)
Infection or inflammation
Side effects from chemotherapy, radiation therapy, or surgery

A

Causes of pain from cancer

16
Q

A clinical condition re silting from metabolic, neurological, cardiovascular, hematologist, and/or infectious change caused by cancer or its treatment that requires immediate intervention to prevent loss of life or quality of life.

A

Oncologic emergencies

17
Q

Skin- jaundice/pallor/bruising
GI- Epitaxsis/ Nausea / melena
Cardiorespiratory - CP/ dyspnea/ tachycardia

A

Assessment of circulation in oncology emergencies

18
Q

Laryngeal Ca
Thyroid Ca
Lymphoma
Metastatic lung ca

A

Upper airway obstruction by Malignancy

19
Q 
Small cell lung ca
Squamous call lung ca
Lymphoma
Mediastinal ca
SVC thrombosis from in dwelling catheter
So are due to SVC compression or occlusion
A

Superior Vena Cava (SVC) syndrome

20
Q 
Breast ca
Lung ca
Prostate ca
Lymphomas 
Multiple myeloma
Renal cell ca
Sarcomas
A

Acute Spinal Cord Compression

21
Q

Need lab test for true diagnosis
Electrolyte imbalances often due to dehydration or disease progression
Thrombocytopenia is common among oncology pt

A

Metabolic/bleeding disorders

22
Q 
Vague malaise/ weakness
Polydipsia
Lethargy/ confusion
Constipation
Vomiting
Back pain
Can have coma or seizure
A

Malignancy hypercalcemia

23
Q

Decrease platelet count due to bone marrow suppression from chemo/radiation or disease (leukemia)

Avoid all NSAIDs
Spontaneous bleeds can occur

A

Thrombocytopenia

24
Q

Pericardial effusion develops and compresses ventricle reducing cardiac output and collapsing the right atrium increasing venous back pressure

A

Pericardial Tamponade

25
Q

The side effects of chemotherapy severely interferes with cell division in particular the production and maintenance of blood products via the bone marrow

A

Neutropenic sepsis

26
Q

A systemic response to infection

A

Sepsis

27
Q

Hypo perfusion with organ dysfunction or hypotension

A

Severe sepsis

28
Q

Body’s response to an overwhelming infection characterized by persistent hypotension

A

Septic shock

29
Q

Uncontrolled growth of cancer cells

A

Proliferation

30
Q

spread cancer cells

A

Metastasis

Module 2 (28 decks)

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