immunity a&p

Question 1

whats included in the immune system

Answer 1

lymphoid organs
thymus
lymphocytes
bone marrow
wbc
rbcs
plateltes

Question 2

when do t lymphocytes occur

Answer 2

thymus

Question 3

what’s included in the lymphatic system

Answer 3

lymphatic vessels
lympth nodes
tonsils and adenoids
spleen

Question 4

what does the immune system rely on

Answer 4

lymphatic system

Question 5

antigen

Answer 5

• foreign agent

- triggering antibody production

Question 6

antibody

Answer 6

• proteins
• identify and neutralize foreign substances
• circulates through our system in blood

Question 7

immunoglobulins

Answer 7

• proteins
• identify and neutralize foreign substances
  attach to B cells

Question 8

neutrophils

Answer 8

• first to arrive

- come because of an inflammation/infection

Question 9

basophils

Answer 9

• release histamine

- aid in an inflammatory response

Question 10

eosinophils

Answer 10

• aid in an inflammatory response

- allergic reactions

Question 11

monocytes

Answer 11

• largest

- trigger immune response

Question 12

lymphocytes

Answer 12

• frontline workers or patrol

- major component

Question 13

lymphocytes (more in-depth)

Answer 13

• natural killer cells
• thymus-derived lymphocytes (t-cells)
• bone marrow-derived lymphocytes (b-cells)

Question 14

natural killer cells

Answer 14

• blood, bone marrow, lymph nodes, spleen
• destroy pathogens and tumor cells
• patrol for abnormal
• can kill own cell if invaded with virus or cancer

Question 15

t cells and b cells

Answer 15

each responds to one foreign antigen

Question 16

t cells

Answer 16

lympth nodes and nodules, spleen

direct attack

Question 17

helper t cells

Answer 17

cytotoxic t cells- aid in the destruction

• memory t’s- remembering foreign agents
• suppressors t’s- tell the body to stop attacking

Question 18

b cells

Answer 18

• plasma cells produce antibodies to specific foreign antigen
• memory cells
• indirect approach
• when/where to attack
• when to allow substances to stay in the system

Question 19

innate immunity

Answer 19

• barriers
  
  • skin
  • mucous membranes
• inflammatory response

Question 20

types of adaptive immunity

Answer 20

cellular immunity

humoral immunity

Question 21

first step in defense against invasion

Answer 21

redness and swelling

• maybe able to kill invading organisms
• combines with the immune response to eliminate invaders

Question 22

what does cellular immunity begin with

Answer 22

phagocytes

Question 23

cell-mediated immunity

Answer 23

• recognition of foreign antigen by helper t cells
• killer t cells lyse cells. bind, replicate
• memory t cells remember specific foreign antigens
• suppressor t cells limit immune response
• trigger alarm
• release cystocines
• cell starts to copy and make memory t cells

Question 24

hummoral immunity

Answer 24

• antibody- mediated immunity recognition of antigen as foreign
• b cells proliferate and differentiate
  
  • plasma cells producing antibodies that circulate forming an antigen-antibody complex
  • memory b cells
• antigen label antigen for phagocytosis
• 4-8 days for body to develop a reaction

Question 25

two major types of immunity

Answer 25

innate immunity

acquired immunity

Question 26

innate immunity

Answer 26

• natural immunity (barrier, inflammatory response)
• present at birth
  
  • natural passive: passed down from mother
  • artificial passive

Question 27

acquired immunity

Answer 27

• adaptive immunity
• develop over time after antibody-antigen reactions
• natural active:pt. contract illness
• artificial active: vaccine stimulation

Question 28

neonates are more susceptible to infection because

Answer 28

yet to develop a mature immune system

Question 29

when is the thymus the largest

Answer 29

childhood and adolescence

Question 30

what does decrease ciliary action lead to

Answer 30

decrease removal of potentially harmful organism