cellular A&P Flashcards
components of the cell
cytoplasm
organelles
cell membrane
cytoplasm
colorless liquid
water, nutrients, ions, dissolved gasses, and water
responsible: for supporting livid substances found within cells
organelles
specialized structures within the cytoplasm
perform work that maintains cells life
cell membrane
semipermeable holds the cell together
made of phospholipids and cholesterol
nucleus
largest organelle
contains genetic material that controls cells structure, function, and replication
what does DNA form
chromosomes
ribosomes
made of ribosomal RNA and protein
manufacture enzymes and proteins
endoplasmic reticulum
membranes tubules extend from nucleus to membrane
rough er
collects, folds, transports protein made by ribosomes
smooth er
synthesizes chemicals, makes the new membrane
Golgi apparatus
group of flattened sacs, located near the nucleus
collects proteins, folds, sorts, chemically modifies, packages, sends off
mitochondria
composed of two membraneous sacs, one inner and outer membrane
lysosomes
membrane-enclosed packet
contain digestive enzymes
cell extensions
micovilli
cillia
flagella
passive transport processes
diffusion
osmosis
diffusion
simple diffusion
occurs until concertation is equal on both sides of the membrane
solutes from higher to lower concentration
osmosis
water low to a high concentration
active transport
endocytosis
exocytosis
endocytosis
taking in substances
- phagocytosis: engulfing solid
- pinocytosis: engulfing liquid
exocytosis
release of substances
- use of vessels
- glands of secreting hormone
sources of energy
carbohydrates: glucose/sugar–> glycogen
fats: triglycerides–> fatty acids
proteins: to amino acids
energy production
acetyl-CoA—> citric acid cycle—> ATP
mitosis
most common cell division n
one cell divides into two separate cells
diploid cells
four phases
prophase
metaphase
anaphase
telophase
