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EQM351 > Immunity > Flashcards

Immunity Flashcards

1
Q

3 types of immunity

A

Natural
Artificial
Passive

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2
Q

Disease causing organisms are called

A

Pathogen

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3
Q

Substance capable of generating an immune response

A

Antigen

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4
Q

Organism that harbors a virus, bacteria, or parasite

A

Host

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5
Q

Antibody-protein produced by B cells of the host to bind…

A

antigen

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6
Q

Cells of the immune system are called

A

WBCs or Leukocytes

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7
Q

Phagocytes types (3)

A

macrophages
neutrophils
dendric cells

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8
Q

Innate immune system cells

A

phagocytes, mast cells, eosinophils, basophils, natural killer cells

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9
Q

Adaptive Immune System cells

A

lymphocytes and dendritic cells

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10
Q

Lymphocytes are

A

T & B cells

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11
Q

Mechanical Barriers (6)

A 
Epidermis
Intrinsic epithelial 
Saliva
Coughing/sneezing
Urine (flushing)
Cilia
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12
Q

Chemical barriers (4)

A

Sebum
Skin acidity
beta-defensins
gastric juice

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13
Q

Commensal microflora as barrier

A

urinary and gastrointestinal tracts and skin - biological barriers compete with pathogenic bacteria for food and space

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14
Q

1st line of defense

A

Innate immune system

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15
Q

How is the innate immune system developed?

A

Present at birth

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16
Q

Specificity?

A

None

17
Q

Enhanced by second exposure?

A

No

18
Q

Memory?

A

None

19
Q

Uses…

A

cellular and humoral components

20
Q

Activates…

A

Adaptive immune responses

21
Q

PAMP

A

Pathogen Associated Molecular Patterns - structural elements common to broad classes of microbes and are very hard to change

22
Q

Innate immune system slows…

A

growth of infectious agents until adaptive immune response kicks in

23
Q

PAMPs bind to

A

pattern recognition receptors (PRRs)

24
Q

PRRs are on

A

immune cells of innate immune system - phagocytes

25
Q

Phagocytes recognize microorganisms by having selective specificity for microbial…

A

patterns

26
Q

Many receptors on ________ and _______ bind to microorganisms

A

neutrophils and macrophages

27
Q

cytokines change…

A

the morphology, adhesive properties and permeability of endothelial cells

28
Q

Cytokines and chemokines are responsible for

A

immune cell-cell communication

29
Q

natural killer cells are part of the ______ immune system

A

innate

30
Q

Neutrophils are also called

A

polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs)

31
Q

Why do we vaccinate? (3)

A

aid in prevention of disease
reduce severity of disease
minimize spread of disease

EQM351 (26 decks)

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