Immunity Flashcards
3 types of immunity
Natural
Artificial
Passive
Disease causing organisms are called
Pathogen
Substance capable of generating an immune response
Antigen
Organism that harbors a virus, bacteria, or parasite
Host
Antibody-protein produced by B cells of the host to bind…
antigen
Cells of the immune system are called
WBCs or Leukocytes
Phagocytes types (3)
macrophages
neutrophils
dendric cells
Innate immune system cells
phagocytes, mast cells, eosinophils, basophils, natural killer cells
Adaptive Immune System cells
lymphocytes and dendritic cells
Lymphocytes are
T & B cells
Mechanical Barriers (6)
Epidermis Intrinsic epithelial Saliva Coughing/sneezing Urine (flushing) Cilia
Chemical barriers (4)
Sebum
Skin acidity
beta-defensins
gastric juice
Commensal microflora as barrier
urinary and gastrointestinal tracts and skin - biological barriers compete with pathogenic bacteria for food and space
1st line of defense
Innate immune system
How is the innate immune system developed?
Present at birth
Specificity?
None
Enhanced by second exposure?
No
Memory?
None
Uses…
cellular and humoral components
Activates…
Adaptive immune responses
PAMP
Pathogen Associated Molecular Patterns - structural elements common to broad classes of microbes and are very hard to change
Innate immune system slows…
growth of infectious agents until adaptive immune response kicks in
PAMPs bind to
pattern recognition receptors (PRRs)
PRRs are on
immune cells of innate immune system - phagocytes
Phagocytes recognize microorganisms by having selective specificity for microbial…
patterns
Many receptors on ________ and _______ bind to microorganisms
neutrophils and macrophages
cytokines change…
the morphology, adhesive properties and permeability of endothelial cells
Cytokines and chemokines are responsible for
immune cell-cell communication
natural killer cells are part of the ______ immune system
innate
Neutrophils are also called
polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs)
Why do we vaccinate? (3)
aid in prevention of disease
reduce severity of disease
minimize spread of disease
