Equine Herpesvirus Flashcards
Transmission
contact with infected horse
aerosolized respiratory secretions
virus-contaminated fomites
Also called
Rhinopneumonitis
___ - ___% of horses are exposed by age ___
80-90
2
The virus is latent here in the horse
trigeminal ganglia
Most common forms
EHV-1 and EHV-4
Seen mostly in
young horses
EHV 6-9 infect
wild horses and zebras
EHV-1 infects
respiratory epithelial cells
endothelial cells
neuronal cells
lymphoid cells
EHV-1 and 4 are enveloped or not enveloped?
enveloped
EHV lives in the environment for
7 days
A horse that infects others but shows no symptoms is a
silent carrier
Risk factors for EHV outbreaks/reactivation
Overcrowding Heavy parasite burden Malnutrition Climactic extremes Disease Rearranging/moving horses Weaning Transport Surgery Corticosteroid administration
How does EHV-1 cause abortion?
endothelial cell destruction
EHV-1 and 4 replicate in
the upper respiratory tract
EHV-1 attacks
lymphocytes and monocytes
EHV-1 reaches trigeminal neurons how long after infection
48 hours
EHV-1 causes _________ & __________ to the uterus and CNS
vasculitis
ischemia
Respiratory disease from EHV predisposes horses to
bacterial infections that can lead to bacterial pneumonia
Incubation period
10 days
Symptoms
anorexia lethargy fever nasal discharge ocular discharge depression
associated biphasic fever
days 1-2 and 6-7
Diagnosis
virus isolation
CSF
serology
Treatments
NSAIDS for fever
maybe antibiotics and/or fluids
Vaccination schedule for pregnant mares
3, 5, 7, 9
Vaccination for traveling show horses
every 4-6 months
Do vaccines prevent respiratory illness?
Generally, no
What do vaccines diminish?
shedding
