Immagration, urbanization, and social reform Flashcards
When did immagration, urbanization and social reform happen
1820s to 1850s
What did the market revolution do
It increased the size of the cites
Where did instant cities begin to appear
Around critical points of transportation
What were the places that grew from 50,000 towns to 100,000 towns
Chicago, San Fransisco, and St. Louis
What happened by the 1860’s
20% of American’s lived in cities
Immigration was a key part in what
Urban growthq
By the 1830’s what was happening and where
Immigration soared in the north
Where did most immigrants come from
Ireland and Germany
What was the life of the immigrants like
Not pleasent as cities were not prepared for rapid growth and social challenges of immigrant population
Who was the fist wave of immigrants to American cities
Irish immigrants
What happened in 1845-1849
The Irish people had a potato famine
Where did poor Irish people go
To America
Where did most Irish immigrant live
In cities under terrible conditions
Where did most Irish immigrants go
New York
Why was Boston so overwhelmed by Irish immigrants
Because it was smaller and it was also overwhelmed by and influx
What did Catholic Irish people face
Religious persecution
Who invited German immigration
William Penn
Why did William Penn invite German immigration
Because he was impressed by German industriousness
When did German influx happen
19th century
By 1854 what happened
German surpassed Irish immigration
What were German immigrants most likely to become and what was the reason for it
German immigrants were more likely to become farmers because they were less poor than Irish immigrants
What did Mexican land do
It attracted German immigrants
What brought the Chinese to California
The gold rush and railroad Contruction
What is San Fransisco Chinatown
The oldest Chinese ethnic enclave in America and a center of community life
Where did almost all new immigrants live
In Urban ethnic enclaves
What did ethnic communities provide
Support for new immigrants as they learned how to survive in new surrounding
What did Native born Americans view other ethnic communities with
They view other ethnic communities with suspicion
What were pre industrial cities like
Small and compact
What did immigration do
Transformed urban life
What increased and who was it between
The gap increased between the rich and the poor
What services did cities struggle with
Water, sewerage, and garbage collection
Where did residential segregation happen
In ethnic neighborhoods and middle class suburbs
