IDR Block 4c Flashcards
If a patient dies from a disease that generates this picture, what could it be? The patient did not receive regular shots, that had SPSS as well?
Measles, paromyxovirus
Palivizumab, a drug that fights what viral infection?
RSV, polymyxo virus
What is the protein employed by Influenza that tamps down our natural immune system?
NSP1
What is the most common test for Influenza?
ELISA
Rimantidine and Amantadine are antiviral drugs that are not used anymore, what do/did they block with respective to the viral replication process?
M2 proteins
Zanamivir (Relenza), inhaled and Oseltamivir (Tamiflu), oral prevent neuraminidase from cleaving what molecule?
sialic acid
If the Influenza/Orthomyxo virus runs its full course and kills someone, what is the most likely reason for death?
If there is pneumonia and someone determines that the disease is not due to a virus, what bacteria would our culprit be?
Pneumonia
S. Pneumonia and S. Aureus
What are the three glaring “transcription factors” that are needed for the kick off mRNA, Influenza (Orthyomyxo)?
PB1, PB2, and PA
What are the Nipah and Hendra viruses?
Zoonotic infections
Rubella has what kind of rash?
Measles has what kind of rash?
Non-confluent rash
Confluent rash
What medication does Hep C and RSV use?
Ribavirin, ribs in the sketchy videos
What non prescription technique can be given to help alleviate some parainfluenza symptoms?
Humidifier
With respect to orthomyxo, what two drugs stop neuraminidase?
What two drugs stop M2 with respect to orthomyxo?
Oseltamivir and Zanamivir
Amantadine and Rimantadine
What is the Imiquinob used for what virus?
HPV, TLR7
Tecovirimat treats what virus?
Pox
Hep B has what drug against it?
Which hepatitis can have passive immunoglobulins given against it?
Lamivudine
Hep A
What does E1A inhibit with Adenovirus?
What does E1B inhibit with Adenovirus?
p53
E2F
Echovirus has what unique eye problem?
Besides Cocksackie B, who else can has pleurodynia?
Bloody Conjuctivis
Echovirus
Herpangina is caused by what virus?
Cocksackie A
When there is a suspected Rabies bite, what is the red flag from a histological sample?
Negri bodies
What is another name for the lyssavirus?
What shape would describe this virus, very unique?
Rhabdoviruses
Bullet shape
What receptors does the Rabies virus bind too?
What animals have rabies?
Nicotinic receptor
Bat, Racoon, and wolf
What is the treatment for a rabies infection?
Whole killed Vaccine or animal provided antibodies (IgG), passive immunity
What are the two big viruses for Filoviruses?
What are they known for/what is the treatment?
Marburg and Ebola
Bleeding from most orificies, no treatment, moves through monkeys
Hantavirus is transferred how?
What is unique about Bunyavirus genetic variability?
Inhalation of the infected rodent droppings
Segmental DNA
What does E2 do with respect to the Coronavirus?
Makes the halo, glycoproteins
When dealing with the rabies virus, what is an extreme fear that can manifest itself?
Extreme Hydrophobia
What is the p24 porition of the HIV molecule?
What is the gp41, gp120?
Capsid
gp41 is the transmembrane protein
gp120 is the surface protein that attaches to human cells
What does ATL disease have?
What is the histological pattern seen?
Abnormal proliferation of mature CD4
Flower cells
What does the envelope gene code for?
What does the poly gene code for?
gp41 and gp120
Integrase, Protease, R. Transcriptase
What does the protease enzyme from the poly gene cut up?
What does the Gag protein code for?
Gag protein is chopped up
Matrix, capsid protein (p24), and Nucleocapsid (wrapped around RNA)
What branch of HIV has the Tax gene? The Tax gene combined with the UTR AAA causes what?
HTLV-1
The combination allows for continuous transcription of DNA to RNA
What does HTLV1 not do that most other cancer mechanisms cause?
The host cell recognizes the Tax gene and makes an immune response. What autoimmune disease can result as well?
Stop cell signaling pathways
Muscle Sclerosis
What type of signaling does HIV cause that lowers CD4 and MHC II cells?
What two receptors and MHC are needed to bring HIV into the cell?
A deficiency in which of the following can cause HIV immunity?
Nef or Negative regulation factor
CD4 and then CCR5 and CXCR4
CCR5
What are the three things that the GAG HIV gene code for?
Matrix, NucleoCapsid, and Caspid
What is Lamivudine and Zidovudine, in terms of drug families?
Reverse Transciptase
What type of drug is Nevriapine?
Nonnucleoside reverse transciptase inhibitors
What drug is Saquinavir, in terms of drug family?
Protease Inhibitors
What does Enfuviritide block during HIV fusion?
p41
What does the drug Maraiviroc block?
CCR5, CCRX4
Why are there many colors for bacteria?
Protects against UV light and free radicals
What types of diseases are Kuru, CJD, Gerstmann-Straussler-Scheinker syndrome, Fatal Familial Insomnia, and Sporadic Fatal Insomnia?
How are these diseases mostly transmitted?
Human Prion Disease
Hospital Acquired
What type of diseases is Scrapie, Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy, and Chronic Wasting Disease?
Animal Prion Disease
What is the supposed direction of scrapie?
Sheep —-> ____________ —-> humans
Cows, got left over sheep parts
_____________________don’t typically penetrate deeper, and acquire nutrition because they are keratinolytic
Dermatophytes
What two viruses involve a monkey?
Dengue and Yellow Fever
What is the first thing seen in HIV serology?
p24 porition of a capsid
What kind of tick is transmitted via a dermacenter, where does it infect, what type of other tick does this?
Reovirus, Colorado Tick Fever
Parvovirus
What is the difference between colorado tick and Rocky Mountain Spotted fever (American Dog Tick)?
Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever will have a Rash
