IDR Block 3C Flashcards
Does Mycobacterium leprae cause a systemic infection?
No, causes skin and nerve problems
What type of Acid Fast Bacteria are associated with traumatic inoculation of bacteria under the skin?
What area are they from? What drugs can you use?
M. chelonae and M. abscessus fast growing
South and Central America (Doctor introduced, cosmetic surgery)
Standard Antibiotics
The opa proteins are specific to which Gram Negative?
They help the bacteria cross epithelial cells, endothelilal cells, and what two other locations?
N. Gonorrhea
Lymphocytes and Granulocytes
What types of cells does N. Gonorrhea infect? (think about histology)
Cervix/columnar cells
What type of augar does N. Gonorrhea grow on? Two options, which one is best? With what conditions?
Chocolate Agar is best, and Blood Agar
High humidity, CO2
What types of drugs work for N. Gonorrhea? What drugs do not work?
Azithromycin (macrolide) and Ceftriaxone (cephalosporin)
No: 1st generation Beta Lactams, ciprofloxacin, tetracyclines
What are the two methods of moving bacterial DNA that move B-lactamase genes?
Conjugation and Natural Transformation
What is the magic thing that causes Meningococcemia?
Lipo-oligosaccharide, a more exposed version of TLR4
What is a common cause of pneumonia in the eldery?
What drugs can be used/given?
What color is the sputum?
Over 75 crowd, Moraxella Catarrhalis
Anything that is not 1st generation Beta Lactams
White Sputum
Kerning’s Sign is what?
Brudzinski’s Sign is what?
What disease would cause this?
Cannot Straighten the leg of patient
Cannot pick up head without pulling up the patient’s knees
N. Meningitis
How is N. Meningitis spread, moved into a patient?
Upper Respiratory Tract, no symptoms via inhalation
Showers, Recycled air, dorms, barracks, and prisons
What gram negative bacteria is a fastidious capnophile?
N. Meningitis
Strept. Agalactaie causes what in pregnant women?
UTI and possible dissemination; can cause mastitis during breastfeeding
Strept. Agalactaie causes what in immuncompromised patients?
Sepsis, pneumonia, bone/joint, skin/soft tissue
___________ contains iron like TSI slants do, so bacteria that produce H2S (like Salmonella) grow into black colonies on these plates
Hektoen enteric agar
Haemophilus Ducreyi is a sexually transmitted infection that looks a lot like what?
It causes an ulcerated, painful lesion on the genitals that bleeds easily called what?
Treponema pallidum (syphilis)
Chancroid
What does the Pertussis toxin inhibit?
adenylate cyclase inhibitor
Interferes with PMN and monocyte function, catalyzes synthesis of cAMP, killing by inducing apoptosis?
ACT Adenylate Cyclase Toxin
What do tracheal cytotoxin and dermonecrotic toxin do?
Tracheal: Bind and immobilize cilia
Kill ciliated tracheal cells
Dermonecrotic: Localized Necrosis
What are the two adhesin proteins that bind to other cells that allow Bordetella pertussis to move into another cell?
Filamentous hemagglutinin and Pertactin
What are the four pieces that make up the acellular pertussis vaccine?
Pertactin, filamentous hemagglutinin, pertussis toxoid and adenylate cyclase
What part of bordetella pertussis is not able to be attacked in modernized scenarios?
Pertactin
During the bordetella pertussis growth, at what point is the Bacterial population the highest?
At what point does the heavy coughing take place?
Catarrhal
Paroxysmal
What are two different bacteria that make TB like symptoms?
Myobacterium Avium, and Rhodococcus Equi
H. Influenzae is near what bacteria in some cultures in order to grow, what for example?
S. Pneumonia
Bordet-Gengou or Regan-Lowe or other charcoal-containing agar grow what bacteria?
B. Pertussis
What does the Paired Ser look for in B. Pertussis testing methods?
Look for IgM in the Convalescence phase
Hepatitis B vaccine uses what surface peptide in order to make a good vaccine?
HBsAG peptide
What is a pseudomonas disease that can cause pulmonary lung infection, CAUDI, white/yellow burn, smells like fresh dirt?
Burkholderia cepacia
also onion rot
What is a pseudomonas disease that is immune competent patients, Meloidosis? Associated with livestock, have a high fever, chest pain, what area of the world? What is the disease and treatment?
Burkholderia Pseudomallei
South East Asia and Caribbean
Easily mistaken for TB
Will be pleomorphic on a gram stain
Sulfa drugs or doxycycline
What disease is found via Middle East, North Africa, resists antibiotics, necrotic wound infections in soldiers?
What is the classic sign for the start of the infection?
What is different with the necrotizing fasciitis?
Acinetobacter Baumannii
orange peel, cellulitis
Hemmorhagic Bullae
A classical triad of kidney failure, thrombocytopenia, and microangiopathic hemolytic anemia. Gram negative bacteria what could it be?
Schistocytes is what?
Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome, disable the ribosome
Helmet shaped RBCs
What gram negative bacteria is positive for the urease?
What color will it turn?
Proteus
Pink
E. Coli, Salmonella, and Proteus are positive for what test?
What gram negative bacteria is negative for this test?
Motility
Shigella is negative
What gram negative bacteria will pass the citrate test?
What color will it turn?
Salmonella
Blue
Enterobacter, Citrobacter, Morganella, Serratia, Providencia, Erwinia are also Enterobacteriaceae are what important value in the human body?
Immuncompromised, non-pathogenic otherwise
What bacteria is Urease positive, Hydrogen sulfide positive, swarming motility, ferment aerobically and anaerobically, kidney stone/ uti?
P. Mirabilis
K. Pneumoniae has what and will cause lobar pneumonia?
Capsule
What drug should be used against Y. Pestis?
Macrolides and Ciprofloxacin
What Drugs should be used against shigella?
Fluroquinolone, Sulf drugs/Trimethorpim
What drug is used for Salmonella GI symptoms and Salmonella Typhi?
GI: nothing
Salmonella Typhi: ciprofloxacin
Thus, unpasteurized dairy products, fruits/veggies eaten raw that are fertilized with cow manure, and undercooked chicken are foods most likely to cause __________ infections
What medications are used?
Campylobacter
Macrolides
What two disease can get into a chicken’s bloodstream
Salmonella and Camylobacter
What grows on TCBS?
Vibrio Cholerae
What two proteins are necessary for actin remodeling from H. Pylori?
cagA and vacA
What remodeling proteins are needed for Yersinia?
What remodeling proteins are needed for Shigella?
Yop
IpaA and IpaC
What remodeling proteins are needed for Listeria Monocytogenes?
What remodeling proteins are needed for Salmonella?
ActA
Ssps
What temperature does Campylobacter grow at, with what conditions?
Microaerophilic 5% 02 and 10% CO2
42 degrees C
C. Jejuni is associated with a HSR type II reaction that causes what autoimmune disease?
Where does Guillain Barre Syndrome first appear?
Guillain-Barre Syndrome
distal limbs
Chicken eggs are susceptible to what disease, but not another?
Cow manure can cause what bacterial problem (2) if food is not pasteurized?
Campylobacters –> no
Salmonella –> yes
Listeria and Campylobacters
What medication is used for V. Vulnificus?
What medication is used for Camplyobacteria?
Macrolides/tetracyclines
Macrolide
What is V. parahaemolyticus is found in what primarily?
Shellfish
What does ampitrochous mean?
Flagella on each side
What does lopotrochous mean?
Flagella bunch on one side
What does peritrichous mean
Flagella all over via bacteria?
What causes blood flecked, diaherra, with cramping, particularly in children?
Y. Enterocolitica
What do EIEC, Salmonella, Camplyobacteria, have in common?
watery, blood flecked diarrhea
Bordet-Gengou or Regan-Lowe or other charcoal-containing agar are used for what bacteria?
Bordetella Pertussis
