IDR block 3b Flashcards
The alternate transpeptidase enzyme is encoded by what? Can be transferred with what other gene?
MecA- resistant to Beta Lactams PVL
What bacteria can cause pneumonia to sepsis to meningitis to brain damage in survivors?
S. Aglactiae Neonates
What two strept bacteria are Diplococci?
What two Nisseria Species are Diplococci?
S. Pneumoniae and Entercoccus
N. Gonorrhea and N. Meningiditis
Encapsulate bacteria are pros at what type of bacterial genetics?
Natural transformation, the covered in glue idea, can grab random bits of DNA
What gene is needed to move encapsulated bacteria genetics?
RecA
What bacteria has PsPA, CBPA, PsPC? Autolysins at high populations?
Strept Pneumoniae
What is the reason bacteria they are alpha hemolytic?
Pneumolysin
What bacteria is responsible for otitis media?
S. Pneumoniae and S. Aureus
How is S. Pneumonia moved across the cell membrane?
Polymeric Ig Receptor
What two streptococci bacteria are not going to harm people?
Strept. Salivarius and Strept. Mitis
The spore forming bacteria are or are not well-adapted to the human body?
Are not
Spore forming bacteria are not well-adapted to the human body, what is an exception to this rule?
C. Difficle
What are the two virulence factors on B. Anthracus? What do they have in common?
Lethal factor and Edema factor The B factor is the same on both A/B toxins, protection factor
What will not present with inflammation via spore forming, non motile, gram positive bacteria?
Cutaneous Anthrax
VanA cassette resists ___________, due to an alternate peptidoglycan structure MecA gene.
vancomycin, enterococcus alternate transpeptidase
What is surface protein on M. Tuberculosis that prevents phagosome/lysosome conjuction?
PknG
What will the mucus look like when coughing up from TB? What will the mucus look like when coughing up the from S. Pneumoniae?
Red blood tinged with mucus Red Brown Mucus
What disease causes fever besides, IL-6? Attractant for cytoxic T cells, induce apoptosis in targeted cells, causes an increase in metabolism?
IL-12 TNF
What are the two specialized media plates that can grow M. Tuberculosis? What are the agar plates treated with before growing TB, because something else might grow on the plate before the TB has a chance to grow?
Lowenstein-Jensen Medium and Middlebrook Agar
NaOH
If the TB skin test is positive, what does TB react too? What cells are responsible for the TB skin test reaction?
Surface protein of TB M. Tuberculosis has memory T cells via a Type 4 HSR
What is an autoimmune disease that is very similar to TB that must be compared?
Sarcoidosis
What drug can be given, that must be activated by catalase? Will be toxic to the what?
Isoniazid and the liver stops mycolic synthesis
What does the Ethambutol inhibit the synthesis thereof?
lipoarabinomannan
What drug is used to disrupt ATP synthesis and plasma membrane parts? What other drug is used, inhibits RNA polymerase?
pyrazinamide Rifampin
How many drugs does it take to make MDR? How many drugs does it take to make XDR?
2 4
What is Dapson used for? What is sulfanilamide used for? What bacteria is this used for?
Macrophage movement Stops folate synthesis Mycobacterium Leprae
What drug can treat lepropsy, reverse it, messes up limb development, WHO says you cannot use it developing countries?
Thalidomide
Propionbacterium Acnes is off what? What does the Benzoyl Peroxide do?
Sebum in the pores Dissolves sebum
What does Salicyclic acid do for P. Acnes?
What does Retinol do for P. Acnes?
Sloughes off keratin
Increases Cell Turnover
What does lowstein-jensen media or middlebrook agar show up for?
TB skin test, use NAOH to make sure that the sample is good
What size of a TB skin test is the most concerning?
Less than 5 mm, do not have a good cell mediated response
What does the Buffered charcoal show in the augar, if something grows? What is the virulence factor of this bacteria?
Nocardia Cord Factor (Mycolic Acid and Trehalose)
What allows nocardia to survive in the macrophages and dendritic cells?
Failure of phagosome and lysosome fusion
What grows on buffered charcoal? What grows on black tellurite?
Nocardia -> aerial hyphaie, very fastidious bacteria C. Diptheria
What grows on chocolate agar? What grows on MaConkey agar? What color will this turn with lactose?
Chocolate: used for cultivation of bacteria that need components from RBCs (especially hemoglobin) but lack enzymes to break down blood cells on their own (for fastidious organisms)
MaConkey: only grows gram negative, lyses bile salts that are dealing with peptidoglycan construction Pink
What grows on blood agar? What grows on Bordet-Genu or Rogan-Lowe agar? What type of augar is this, what is a better way to do this?
Blood Augar allows us to determine if the patient can lyse RBC or not B. Pertussis, use PCR, takes 7 days to grow via the augar
_______________ contains iron like TSI slants do, so bacteria that produce H2S (like Salmonella) grow into black colonies on these plates (Name the augar or media)
Hektoen enteric agar
What bacteria are formed in tetrads, less than 1 um, in many different colors, gamma hemolytic?
Micrococcus Kytococcus and Roseaus
What is going on with the following test tubes?
What is this being used to difereniate?
Fermenting glucose from red to yellow, the space in between them signals the gas production
Black means Hydrogen Sulfide
Gram Negative
Different toxins lysis of Red Blood Cells, most lysis toxins aim for what target molecule?
S. Aureus and E. Coli both aim for what?
Cholesterol
Plasma Membrane
What factor makes Beta Hemolysis possible in C. Perfringes?
What color does the media turn via B hemolytic?
Phospholipase C
Gold
What bacteria has a polyglutamate capsule?
B. Anthrasus
What is the hemolysis is B. Cereus?
What is the hemolysis of B. Anthrasus?
Beta Hemolytic
Gamma Hemolytic
What is the virulence factor for Nocardia?
What are the parts?
What factors make Nocardia hard to kill?
Cord Factor
Mycolic Acid adn Trehalose
Catalase and SOD
What myobacterium bacteria has slow resolving granulomas, usually involved with seawater? How does it travel?
What myobacterium causes scrofuloa, Granulomas, Cervical Lymphadenitis? What area of the world? Can hide in what types of cells?
Myobacterium Marinum, granulomas move through lymphatic system to a regional lymph node, up from a site of traumatic innoculation
Myobacerium Scrofuluceum, low developing countries, can be inside neutrophils
What Myobacterium does not happen in healthy people, cause Fever Symptoms in patients with low CMI, and cause wasting away, cavitory lesions? How can people get this infection?
What will be low indicating low cell mediated immunity?
Myobacterium Avium, seen in the environment, found in nature
Low CD4
Lactobacillus, Gardnerella Vaginalis, and Mobiluncus are what metabolism species?
Anaerobe
Propionbacterium acnes is what metabolism species?
Corynebacterium is what metabolism species?
Aerotolerant
Aerobic/Facultatively anaerobic
Listeria Monocytogens is what metabolism?
E. Rhusiopathiae, the pig one, is what metabolism?
Facultative anaerobic
Microaerophilic: 5-10% CO2
