IB History #7

Question 1

Radical Republicans

Answer 1

Republicans who were bitterly against slavery and slave owners since the mid 1850s.
- Used wartime legislation to destory slavery.

Question 2

Reconstruction

Answer 2

Period following the Civil War lasting from 1865-1877 during which attempts were made to redress the inequities of slavery and its political, social and economic legacy.
- Physical rebuilding of the damage wrought by the war.
- viewed as an experiment in interracial democracy.

Question 3

Thirteenth Amendment

Answer 3

Constitutional amendment approved in 1865 abolishing all forms of slavery and involuntary servitude (except as a punishment after having been convicted of a crime).

Question 4

Fourteenth Amendment

Answer 4

Constitutional amendment approved in 1868: All native-born or naturalized persons are considered. U.S. citizens.

Prohibits states from abridging the rights of national citizens.

Question 5

Fifteenth Amendment

Answer 5

Constitutional amendment ratified in 1870 that forbade states to deny citizens the right to vote on grounds of race, color, or “previous conditions of servitude”.

Question 6

Ten Percent Plan

Answer 6

• President Abraham Lincoln during the Civil War
• granted amnesty to most ex-Confederates
• allowed each rebellious state to return to the Union as soon as 10 percent of its voters had taken a loyalty oath and the state had approved the Thirteenth Amendment.

Question 7

Wade-Davis Bill

Answer 7

A bill proposed by Congress in July 1864 that required an oath of allegiance by a majority of each states’ adult white men, new governments formed only by those who had never taken up arms against the Union, and permanent disenfranchisement of Confederate leaders. The plan was passed by pocket vetoed by President Lincoln.

Question 8

Scalawag

Answer 8

Southern whites who supported Republican Reconstruction and were ridiculed by ex-Confederates as worthless traitors.

Question 9

Carpetbagger

Answer 9

A term used after the Civil War to describe a Northerner who moved to the South during the Reconstruction era.

Question 10

Presidential Reconstruction

Answer 10

Andrew John’s plan for Reconstruction. Very lenient towards the defeated South and had no provisions for protecting the rights of Freedmen. Former Confederates who pledged loyalty to the Union received amnesty and pardon; all of their property was restored, except slaves but including any land that had been provided to freedpeople in the closing months of the war.

Question 11

Andrew Johnson

Answer 11

• 17th President of the United States.
• originally Lincoln’s VP.
• Became President after Lincoln’s assassination.
• The first U.S. president to be impeached,
• he survived the Senate removal by only one vote.
• He was a very weak president.

Question 12

Congressional Reconstruction

Answer 12

Also called Radical or military Reconstruction. Congress, controlled by the radical wing of the Republican Party, seized control of the Reconstruction process from President Johnson in 1867. Passed the Reconstruction Acts of 1867-1868, sending federal troops to occupy the South to oversee the establishment of state governments that were more democratic. Passed legislation that attempted to protect the civil and political rights of African-Americans. Ended in 1877.

Question 13

Thaddeus Stevens

Answer 13

A leader of the Racidal Republicans in the House of Representatives who believed in harsh punishments for the South.

Question 13

Charles Sumner

Answer 13

• A leader of the Radical republicans w/ Stevens.
• From: Massachusetts
• Was in Senate.
• Goals: breaking the power of wealthy planters and ensuring that freedmen could vote

Question 13

Civil Rights Act of 1866

Answer 13

Legislation passed by Congress that nullified the Black Codes and affirmed that African Americans should have equal protection under the law.

Question 14

Freedmen

Answer 14

Enslaved people who had been freed by the war

Question 15

Military Reconstruction Act

Answer 15

Passed in 1867, marked the beginning of Radical Reconstruction. South was divided into five military districts governed by military governors until state constitutions were written (that guaranteed voting rights for all men) and approved by Congress. All males regardless of race (excluding former Confederate leaders) could participate in constitutional conventions. States were required to ratify the 14th Amendment in order to be readmitted.

Question 16

Suffrage

Answer 16

The right to vote

Question 17

Tenure of Office Act

Answer 17

A federal Law saying how the president should have a restricted amount of power against removing office holders without the approval of Senate

Question 18

Impeachment

Answer 18

Charges against a President approved by a majority of the House of Representatives. Next step is a trial in the Senate to determine if the President will be removed from office.

Answer 19

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