HISTORY #5 Flashcards
Election of 1860
Presidential election that was won by:
- Republican Abraham Lincoln.
Won without electoral votes and led to secession of the Southern states
Crittenden Compromise
A plan proposed by Senator John J. to protect slavery from federal interference in any state
AND
Westward extension of the Missouri Compromise line to the California border.
Cornerstone Speech
Confederate Vice President Alexander Stephens defended slavery and laid out the Confederacy’s fundamental differences from the Union. (speech)
Jefferson Davis
President of the Confederacy 1861-1865
Union
States and territories that didn’t withdrew from the U.S. during Civil War. Also remained under federal government’s law jurisdiction. AKA: The North.
Confederate States of America
Succeeded states (1861):
South Carolina,
Mississippi,
Florida,
Alabama,
Georgia,
Louisiana,
Texas,
Virginia,
Arkansas,
Tennessee
North Carolina.
Belligerent
A nation or person engaged in a war or conflict.
Abraham Lincoln
President of the United States during the Civil War.
Mobilization
The process of assembling troop and supplies and making them ready for war.
Fort Sumter
Federal fort in the harbor of Charleston, SC.
Confederate attack on the Union troops
Marked as the outbreak of hostilities in the Civil War.
Conscription
Drafting citizens to the military.
Guerilla Warfare
Type of warfare in which irregular troops use non-traditional types of tactics against traditionally organized enemy military forces.
War of attrition
War strategy in which one side attempts to wear down the enemy to the point of collapse through losses of men and materiel.
Total War
An unrestricted war; Laws of war are disregarded.
Robert E. Lee
Confederate general, commander of the Army of Northern Virginia.
Ulysses S. Grant
General of the Union Army; understood that the Union needed to push its advantage in men and materiel in order to win the war.
William Tecumseh Sherman
Union general who was in charge of the war in the west and carried out the “March to the Sea” in which he used total war tactics.
George McClellan
Union General at the beginning of war; fired by Lincoln for being overly cautious; Democratic nominee for President in 1864, defeated by Lincoln.
Ironclad warships
Warships built out of iron rather than wood. First used during the Civil War.
Anaconda Plan
Union war plan that called for a naval blockade of the South to cut off cotton exports, capture of the Confederate capital at Richmond, cut the Confederacy in two by controlling the Mississippi River, and driving Union armies into the heart of the South.
