IB History #2 QRT3 Flashcards
Union of South Africa
A state with the combination of Cape…
- A state
- created by the British in 1910
- Combination of Cape, Natal, Transvaal, and Orange River colonies.
- “self-governing”
- became the Republic of South Africa (1961)
- left the Commonwealth.
Mines and Work Act of 1911
Prevented black workers from skilled jobs…
- AKA: Colour Bar Act
- prevented Black workers from skilled labor positions
- EX:mine manager, overseer, engineer, etc…
Native Lands Act of 1913
Prevention of owning/renting land “native reserves”…
- Prohibited Africans
- owning/renting land
- anywhere outside territory
- designated as “native reserves”.
- Made up less than 1/10th of the total territory of South Africa.
Natives (Urban Areas) Act of 1923
On a contract with whites= approval of…
- Segregated urban areas
- Created “influx controls” for Black South Africans
- Only allowed to work or live in cities if on a contract working for whites.
Industrial Conciliation Act (1924)
allowed workers to form trade unions, but not those who support…
- Employees were allowed to form trade unions
- Workers who supported any Native Pass Laws” were excluded
- This barred Black South Africans from union membership and representation.
South African Party (SAP)
Laid fondations for apartheid in forms of…
- Afrikaner political party
- Louis Botha and Jan Smuts.
- Laid the foundations for the apartheid
- In the form of segregation
- Merged with the National Party to form the United Party.
South African Native National Congress (SANNC)
Protest against racial discriminatnion and appeal for …
- Formed in 1912
- protest against racial discrimination
- appeal for equal treatment
- Represented the small Black professional middle class
- Also businessmen, journalists, teachers, ministers, etc..
- Blueprint of the African National Congress.
National Party (NP)
Afrinkaner ethnic… Founder JBM… created apartheid…
- Afrikaner ethnic nationalist party
- 1914
- Founder: JBM Hertzog.
- 1948 to 1994.
- Created and enforced apartheid
JBM Hertzog
1924-1939
- South African Primer Minister
- From 1924-1939
- leader of National Party.
Representation of Natives Act of 1936
Further limited voting rights of Black South Africans…
- Further limited voting rights of Black South Africans.
- A small group of African leaders could now elect four whites to the senate to represent the views of all Black South Africans.
United Party (UP)
Formed by the merger of the National Party…
- Formed by the merger of the National Party and South African Party
- The NP split (again) in 1948
- The UP was defeated in the 1948 election.
- Never gave their stance on Apartheid.
Ossewabrandwag (Ox-wagon Sentinels)
Pro-German organization…
- Pro-German organization
- South Africa
- During World War II
- Afrikaner nationalist organization.
- Opposed South Africa’s participation in the Allied war effort.
- Incorporated into the National Party at the end of the war.
Native Trust and Land Act (1936)
7% to 13% of total land area of South Africa…
- Expanded the “native reserves”
- 7% to 13% of SA’s total land area
- Restricted Black farmers to work on white farms
Sauer Commission
The (opposed) response to the Fagan Comminsion…
- 1947 commission
- created by the Reunited National Party
- response to the Fagan Commission; it opposed.
- they wanted stricter segregation and control of the African population
- End goal: Total apartheid
Industrial and Commercial Workers Union (ICU)
A General union to organize the urban black working class…
- A general union (representing all trades)
- organize the urban Black working class
- also rural tenant farmers and sharecroppers.
- 1920’s and 1930’s –> often the rival of the ANC.
Fagan Commission
Appointed by SA gov; investigate changes to the…
- 1946 commission
- By the South African government
- investigate changes to the system of segregation.
- “influx control” of Africans in urban areas should be relaxed
- larger population of African workers should be allowed to live in Urban areas.
Petty apartheid (baaskap)
First stages of apartheid; railway cars, restrooms, buses…
- First stage of the Apartheid
- beginning in 1948
- built on previous segregation laws
- practice of segregation in routine daily life - restrooms, railway cars, buses, schools, and other public facilities.
- Similar to Jim Crow.
Grand apartheid
2nd stage of apartheid, racseg in land, employment…
- 2nd stage of Apartheid
- Began with the government of HF Verwoerd in 1959.
- racial segregation in the form of land, employment, and political representation
- Removal of Black people from white areas and the creation of Bantustans.
- Bantustans = White surpremacy ideology
Daniel Francois (DF) Malan
Foundations of apartheid were laid during his rule…
- Prime Minister
- 1948-1954.
- foundations of apartheid were laid.
Johannes Gerhardus (JG) Strijdom
Follower of DF Malan… considered a radical…
- Primer Minister
- 1954 to 1958.
- Follower of DF Malan
- considered a radical.
