Hypothalamic-Pituitary Relationships Flashcards
What does the hypothalamic-pituitary unit control and regulate?
regulates function of thyroid, adrenal, and reproductive glands
controls growth, milk production/ejection, osmoregulation
What are the parts of the adenohypothysis?
pars tuberalis
pars intermedia
pars distalis
Which part of the adenohypohysis has the infundibular stalk?
pars tuberalis
What are the parts of the neurohypophysis?
pars nervosa
infundibular stalk
What is the function of the hypothalamus?
coordinates thirst, appetite, temperature regulation, autonomic nervous system
What influences the hypothalamus?
pain, sleep, emotions (fear, range), olfactory, light, thoughts
What are neurotransmitters that influence the hypothalamus?
dopamine
seratonin
NE
Ach
GABA
beta-endorpohin
The neurohypophysis is the [anterior/posterior] portion of the pituitary gland
posterior
The adenohypophysis is the [anterior/posterior] portion of the pituitary gland
anterior
Define neurohypophysis
derived from neural tissue
hormones synthesized in hypothalamus, transported down axons, secreted —> from posterior pituitary
The hormones secreted from the posterior pituitary is released into the ________, then veins
capillary plexus
The hypothalamic-releasing and hypothalamic-inhibiting hormones that regulate anterior pituitary function released from _________
terminal axons at the median eminence
The anterior pituitary has a long aka (________) and short hypophyseal portal vessels (______)
median eminence
lower infundibular system
Why is portal blood supply to anterior pituitary so important?
hypothalamic hormones are delivered directly to anterior pituitary in high concentrations
Hypothalamic hormones have very [short/long] half-lifes
short (few minutes)
What does thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) stimulate? It is to the [anterior/posterior] pituitary
stimulates thyroid-stimulating hormones (TSH)
prolactin
adenohypophysis
What does gonadotropin-releasing hormone stimulate? It is to the [anterior/posterior] pituitary
FSH
LH
adenohypophysis
What does corticotropin-releasing hormone stimulate? It is to the [anterior/posterior] pituitary
adrenocorticotropin (ACTH)
adenohypophysis
What does growth hormone-releasing hormone stimulate? It is to the [anterior/posterior] pituitary
growth hormone (GH)
adenohypophysis
What is another name for somatostatin?
growth hormone-releasing hormone
What does somatostatin hormone stimulate/inhibit? It is to the [anterior/posterior] pituitary
inhibits growth hormone
inhibits prolactin
adenohypophysis
What does prolactin-releasing factor stimulate? It is to the [anterior/posterior] pituitary
prolactin
adenohypophysis
What is another word for dopamine?
prolactin-inhibiting factor
What does dopamine hormone stimulate/inhibit? It is to the [anterior/posterior] pituitary
stimulates GH
inhibits prolactin ** (primary inhibitor)
inhibits ACTH
adenohypophysis
What are the trophic cells of the anterior pituitary?
thyrotrophs
gonadotrophs
corticotrophs
somatotrophs
lactotrophs
T/F: Secretion of hormones is episodic in response to hypothalamic hormones
TRUE - episodic (pulsatile)
