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hw questions Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

which DNA mutagen results in a transversion mutation

A

oxygen radicals

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2
Q

which DNA mutagen results in a frameshift mutation

A

acridine orange

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3
Q

in its common form, the keto form, 5-bromodeoxyuridine is an analog of what nucleotide?

A

thymine

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4
Q

in drosophila, which cross results in hybrid dysgenesis

A

P cypotype males to M cyptopye females

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5
Q

what is the transposable elements that acts as a control element in maize?

A

Ds

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6
Q

Ac elements in yeast contain which gene?

A

transposase

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7
Q

the transposable element that is the cause of the X-linked blood-clotting disorder hemophilia A is a

A

LINE element

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8
Q

all bacterial transposable elements have a gene that encodes which of the following enzymes?

A

transposase

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9
Q

which hereditary condition is a consequence of insertional inactivation?

A

hemophilia A

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10
Q

what are tautomers of nucleotide bases

A

isomers that differ from each other in the location of one hydrogen atom in the molecule

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11
Q

what nucleotide will base-pair with the enol form of 5-bromouracil?

A

guanine

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12
Q

purpose of the Ames test

A

test the mutagenic effects of chemicals

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13
Q

in the Ames test, the appearance of his+ revertants in the presence of a non-mutagenic control compound indicates that

A

some of the reversion mutations aren’t caused by the mutagen being tested

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14
Q

true or false: many chemicals are more mutagenic after being processed in the liver

A

true

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15
Q

true or false: all compounds that have been found to be mutagenic in the Ames test are also carcinogenic

A

false

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16
Q

why are liver extracts used in the Ames test?

A

liver enzymes may activate some innocuous compounds, making them mutagenic

17
Q

which bacteria grow on the agar plate if the Ames test is positive?

A

his+ prototrophs

18
Q

to use RFLP analysis to detect a SNP, the SNP must

A

occur within a restriction enzyme recognition sequence

19
Q

molecular tests for Huntingtons, cystic fibrosis, and tay-sachs are possible because…

A

sufficient info gathered on DNA sequences of both the mutant and normal alleles

20
Q

what is 5BU best described as

A

a base analog that can cause either A-T > G-C or G-C > A-T transitions

21
Q

for 5BU to cause a transition mutation, which of the following must occur

A

DNA with incorporated 5BU must replicate

22
Q

true or false: in its rare form, 5BU pairs with guanine

A

true

23
Q

what are the consequences of having pyrimidine dimers in DNA

A

they distort the DNA structure and result in errors during DNA replication

24
Q

branch migration

A

process that determines the length of heteroduplex DNA on chromatids

25
Q

what process does not occur during recombination?

A

DNA polymerization

26
Q

what is not a characteristic of IS elements

A

copy of IS becomes integrated at a new location

27
Q

what trinucleotide repeat disorder isn’t consistent with hairpin formation?

A

Friedreich ataxia (GAA)

28
Q

if non-trinucleotdie repeat expansions were present in the coding region of a gene, which mutation is the most likely?

A

frameshift

29
Q

which type of mutagen has a structure similar to one of the DNA nucleotides and therefore can work its way into DNA, where is pairs with a nucleotide?

A

nucleotide base analog

30
Q

which of the following is a consequence of inactivation of both p53 alleles in a cell?

A

reduction of p21 synthesis

31
Q

can p53 bind to DNA lesions?

A

no

32
Q

true or false: Alu elements are SINEs that typically encode an important human protein: restriction endonuclease Alu I

A

false

33
Q

is P- cis or trans acting?

A

cis

34
Q

what technique can be used to identify binding location of Lac repressor protein relative to location of RNA polymerase binding in the regulatory region of the lac operon?

A

DNase I footprint protection analysis

35
Q

how does the phage know if bacteria are actively growing?

A

protein cII is degraded by proteases

36
Q

binding cII/cIII to PL triggers the expression of what leading to the lysogenic cycle?

A

integrase

37
Q

if the CAP binding region is mutated, what effect would you expect to observe?

A

the lac operon will exhibit a basal level of transcription

38
Q

which yields the least amount of transcription of the trp operon

A

trpP-/tryptophan absent

39
Q

which yields the most amount of transcription of the trp operon

A

trp+/tryptophan absent

genetics (47 decks)

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