Human Health and physiology Flashcards

1
Q

what is the effect of osteoposrosis

A

bones fragile weak
brittle
less dense
less supportive

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2
Q

what are the first two stages of labour

A

the uterus contracts
cervix dilates
baby is pushed out through the vagina

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3
Q

what effect does alcohol have on a baby

A

fetal development system

miscarriage

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4
Q

why are populations of resistant strains od bacteria becoming more common

A

over use of antibiotics
non resistan strain killed
less competition between non-resistant and resistant straisn

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5
Q

what is the principle fo homeopathy

A

if large doses can cuase then smaller doses can cure

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6
Q

how are white blood cells adapted to absorb white blood cells

A

ability to move
detect stimulus
change shape

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7
Q

how did Richard doll carry out the link between smoking and lung cancer

A

observed large number of people
correlated the incidence of lung cancer and the amount smoking
compared smokers to non smokers

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8
Q

how does the body measure temperature

A

thermogulatopry centre

skin

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9
Q

why are cancer tumours hot

A

divide rapidly

therefore high rate of respiration

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10
Q

what were the methods of banting and best

A

tied pancreatic ducts
enzyme producing cells wither
extract from remaining cells
inject into diabetic dogs

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11
Q

how does temperature effect an enzyme

A

increases the amount of energy that the molecules have

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12
Q

why can a pulse be detected in an artery and not a vein

A

artery carries blood away
blood pressure at high pressure
pulse is caused by heart beat and waves of contraction

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13
Q

what happen when you put a cell in pure water

A

increases in volume

bursts

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14
Q

what happens when you put a cell in sugar solution

A

decreases in volume

shiverls up

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15
Q

why does a cell burst in pure water

A

water enters
by osmosis
membrane breals

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16
Q

what does antagonistic mean

A

when one muscle contracts the other relaxes

a muscle can only move a bone in one way

17
Q

what is the job of the synovial fluid

A

lubricates

shock absorber

18
Q

what is a mutation

what is cancer

A

abnormal cell division

a change in DNA

19
Q

what causes cancer

A

uv
x rays
gamma rays

20
Q

what is a recessive allele

A

a form of gene

needs 2 copies to be expressed

21
Q

which contratcs to strgighten

A

extensor

22
Q

which contracts to ben

A

flexor

23
Q

benefits of breast feeding

A

contains all nutriets babies needs
contains antibodies
less likely to become obese

24
Q

how do you show protein

A

grind it up
put in burets solution
turn lilac

25
Q

how does reducing cholesterol maintain a healthy heart

A

causes atheroma
narrows arteries
avoids heart attack

26
Q

what is a reflex action

A

an response to a stimuli that is automatic

27
Q

how does the iris reduce the light entering the eye

A

the muscle contractws reducing the size of the pupil

28
Q

what causes lung caner

A

chemicals from the smoke are more conenctrated in the lungs,
enter lungs first

29
Q

how does cancer get to other area

A

the chemicals are carried by the blood

30
Q

what is a pathogen

A

a microorganism that causes disease

31
Q

how does a scab form

A

enzyme
fibrogen to fibrin
meshwork fibres
blood cells trapped

32
Q

why do antibodies only fit one area

A

specific shape

fits only one type on antigen

33
Q

how does dialysis work

A
blood flows between partially permeable memebrane 
ideal concentration 
2 things leave the blood 
by diffusion 
until balanced