human geo chapter 2 Flashcards
what was malthus’ principle of population
human population grows exponentially/geometrically
food production grows linearly/arithmetically
what happened in the late 1800s that caused the united states population growth rate to drop
less farms –> less workers/kids needed
more people living in cities –> less space
who was paul ehrlich
wrote the population bomb, said population was growing too fast
who was ester boserup
she had the conditions of agricultural growth theory
what was ester boserup saying with her conditions of agricultural growth theory
the opposite of malthus - more people = more farmers = more food
problems: assumes people want to farm, assumes amount/use of farmable land
do countries with the largest populations mean they are growing the fastest
no
what are the 3 most populous countries
- china 2. india 3. US
what do population pyramids do
show a breakdown of population by age and gender
what is an example of a place with a high old-age dependency ratio
sweden (more developed countries in general)
what challenges to countries with an older population face
more old people who need government services like pensions and have more health problems that they need covered and there are less young people working to build the tax revenue to support this
what is an example of a place with a high child-dependency ratio
Niger (undeveloped/developing countries)
what challenges do countries with a younger population face
rapid growing population, so they struggle to meet the basic needs of the people like food, water, shelter, and education. high infant mortality, rampant disease, poor health care
life expectancy
the average period that a person may expect to live
crude birth rate
number of live births per 1000 people
crude death rate
number of deaths per 1000 people
