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History > Human Geo - Ch 1 > Flashcards

Human Geo - Ch 1 Flashcards

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1
Q

sequent occupance

A

successive societies that all leave their imprint on a place

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2
Q

cultural landscape

A

ways in which humans change the environment; the visible imprint of human activity and culture on the landscape. the layers of buildings, forms, and artifacts sequentially imprinted on the landscape by the activities of various human occupants

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3
Q

hearth

A

origin of an idea

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4
Q

diffusion

A

movement of ideas

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5
Q

types of diffusion

A

relocation and expansion

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6
Q

types of expansion diffusion

A

contagious, hierarchical, and stimulus

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7
Q

what is relocation diffusion

A

when people move, they take ideas with them

ex: europeans bringing christianity to america

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8
Q

what is contagious diffusion

A

the rapid and widespread movement of an idea or characteristic
ex: disease, like the flu

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9
Q

what is hierarchical diffusion

A

idea that spreads from a person or place of authority to others (people/places of authority = celebrities, cities)
Ex: fashion from celebrities; the rise of rap music (started in cities, moved to smaller towns)

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10
Q

what is stimulus diffusion

A

spread of an underlying principle, but characteristic itself doesn’t move
ex: mcdonald’s in india - no beef bc the cow is sacred in Hindu

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11
Q

what is environmental determinism

A

position of a place in relation to places surrounding itthe view that the natural environment has a controlling influence over various aspects of human life, including cultural development

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12
Q

what is possibilism

A

geographic viewpoint that holds that human decision making, not the environment, is the crucial factor in cultural development. However, possibilists view the environment as providing a set of broad constraints that limits the possibilities of human choice.

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13
Q

absolute location

A

point on Earth measured by latitude/longitude

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14
Q

relative location

A

position of a place in relation to places surrounding it

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15
Q

site

A

physical features where a settlement lies

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16
Q

situation

A

location based on interaction with surrounding areas

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17
Q

formal region

A

defined by government or other groups in power

ex: new england, any state

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18
Q

functional region

A

Defined by a central place and the people it serves

ex: a radio station, newspaper circulation, hartford (for ppl who go there all the time), walgreens

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19
Q

Perceptual/Vernacular Region

A

only exists in the minds of people based on preconceptions and ideas
ex: the south, the mid-atlantic, the middle east

20
Q

map scale

A

literally the scale on a map that tells you how much distance on the map corresponds with actual distance on the earth

21
Q

types of map scales

A

verbal scale, bar scale, ratio scale

22
Q

example of a verbal map scale

A

“1 inch represents 400 miles”

23
Q

example of a bar scale

A

a picture of bar with lines

24
Q

example of a ratio scale

A

1:400 (unit must be the same!)

25
Q

what does a small map scale mean

A

it covers big area

ex: world map, 1 in is 4000 miles

26
Q

what does a large map scale mean

A

it covers a small area

ex: neighborhood map, 1 inch = 500 feet

27
Q

scale of analysis

A

the scale at which geographic phenomena are studied tells us what level of detail we can expect to see
ex: on a world map, the US looks wealthy, but not everyone in the us is wealthy. If we go to a smaller scale, we can see which states are wealthy. Even smaller, and we can see which towns

28
Q

what are the different levels of scales of analysis

A

local, regional, national, global

29
Q

accessibility

A

ease of reaching a place

30
Q

connectivity

A

degree of linkage between places

31
Q

distance decay

A

interaction lessens as distance increases

32
Q

what are the caveats of distance decay

A

time space compression: ease of movement has made places “closer”
Population - NYC is more closely tied to Paris than a small town in upstate new york

33
Q

friction of distance

A

the increase of time and cost that usually comes with increasing distance

34
Q

time space compression

A

ease of movement has made places “closer”

35
Q

GIS

A

A collection of computer hardware and software that permits spacial data to be collected, recorded, stored, retrieved, manipulated, analyzed, and displayed to the user

36
Q

GPS

A

satellite based system for determining the absolute location of places or geographic features

37
Q

globalization

A

the expansion of economic, political, and cultural processes to the point that they become global in scale and impact. these processes transcend state boundaries and have outcomes that vary across places and scales

38
Q

spatial distribution

A

physical location of geographic phenomena across space

39
Q

spacial perspective

A

observing variations in geographic phenomena across space

40
Q

5 themes of geo

A

location, human environment interaction, region, place, movement

41
Q

location

A

the geographical situation of people and things

42
Q

human environment interaction

A

reciprocal relationship between humans and the environment

43
Q

region

A

an area on the earths surface marked by a degree of formal, functional, or perceptual homogeneity of some phenomenon

44
Q

place

A

uniqueness of a location

45
Q

movement

A

the mobility of goods, people, and ideas across the surface of the planet

46
Q

culture

A

the sum total of the knowledge, attitudes, and habitual behavior patterns shared and transmitted by the members of a society

47
Q

cultural trait

A

a single element of normal practice in a culture

ex: wearing a turban

History (19 decks)

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