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Human Structure - Block 2 > HS2-4 Anterior Triangle > Flashcards

HS2-4 Anterior Triangle Flashcards

1
Q

What are the boundaries of the anterior triangle? (4)

A

jugular notch (apex)

sternocleidomastoid (posterior border)

inferior border of mandible (superior border)

midline of neck (separates the two anterior triangles)

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2
Q

What two groupings of muscles make up the muscles of the anterior triangle?

A

infrahyoid muscles

suprahyoid muscles

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3
Q

List the infrahyoid muscles.

A

superior belly of omohyoid

sternohyoid

sternothyroid

thyrohyoid

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4
Q

What innervates the superior belly of the omohyoid?

A

ansa cervicalis

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5
Q

What innervates the sternohyoid?

A

ansa cervicalis

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6
Q

What innervates the sternothyroid?

A

ansa cervicalis

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7
Q

What innervates the thyrohyoid?

A

nerve to thyrohyoid (from C1)

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8
Q

List the suprahyoid muscles. (5)

A

anterior belly of the digastric

mylohyoid

posterior belly of the digastric

stylohyoid

geniohyoid

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9
Q

What innervates the anterior belly of the digastric?

A

mylohyoid nerve

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10
Q

What innervates the mylohyoid?

A

mylohyoid nerve

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11
Q

What innervates the posterior belly of the digastric?

A

facial nerve (CN VII)

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12
Q

What innervates the stylohyoid?

A

facial nerve (CN VII)

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13
Q

What innervates the geniohyoid?

A

C1

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14
Q

The anterior triangle can be subdivided into what four triangles?

A

submandibular triangle

carotid triangle

muscular triangle

submental triangle

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15
Q

What are the boundaries of the submandibular triangle?

A

inferior border of mandible

anterior belly of digastric

posterior belly of digastric

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16
Q

What is another name for the submandibular triangle?

A

digastric triangle

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17
Q

What are the contents of the submandibular triangle? (7)

A

submandibular gland

external carotid artery (facial + lingual branches)

hypoglossal nerve

mylohyoid nerve (from CN V3)

facial vein

mylohyoid muscle

stylohyoid muscle

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18
Q

What are the boundaries of the carotid triangle? (3)

A

sternocleidomastoid

posterior belly of digastric

superior belly of the omohyoid

19
Q

What is the contents of the carotid triangle? (8)

A

carotid sinus + body

common, external (+ 5 branches), and internal carotids

internal jugular vein

vagus nerve

ansa cervicalis

hypoglossal nerve

nerve to thyrohyoid

cervical sympathetic trunk

20
Q

What are the five branches of the external carotid artery found in the carotid triangle?

A

superior thyroid artery (to thyroid gland)

lingual artery (to tongue)

facial artery

occipital artery (to posterior scalp)

ascending pharyngeal artery

21
Q

What nerve provides sensory innervation to the larynx?

A

internal laryngeal nerve

22
Q

What nerve provides motor innervation to the cricothyroid muscle?

A

external laryngeal nerve

23
Q

What are the boundaries of the muscular triangle?

A

superior belly of omohyoid

sternocleidomastoid

midline of neck

24
Q

What is the contents of the muscular triangle? (7)

A

infrahyoid muscles

anterior jugular vein

thyroid gland

parathyroid glands

pharynx

larynx

recurrent laryngeal nerve

25
Q

What structure drains the skin of the anterior triangle?

A

anterior jugular vein

26
Q

What is the body’s largest endocrine gland?

A

thyroid gland

27
Q

Where is the thyroid gland located along the vertebral column?

A

located from C5 to T1

28
Q

What five vessels supply the thyroid gland?

A

superior thyroid artery (from external carotid)

inferior thyroid artery (from thyrocervical trunk)

superior thyroid vein (drains into internal jugular)

middle thyroid vein (drains into internal jugular)

inferior thyroid vein (drains into brachiocephalic vein)

29
Q

How many parathyroid glands are there in the body?

A

4 (on posterior side of thyroid gland)

30
Q

What is the primary function of the larynx?

A

separate air and food passageways

31
Q

What is the function of the cricothyroid muscle?

A

moves thyroid cartilage

32
Q

What is the function of the recurrent laryngeal nerve?

A

motor and sensory innervation to larynx

33
Q

What are the boundaries of the submental triangle?

A

body of hyoid

left anterior belly of digastric

right anterior belly of digastric

34
Q

What are the contents of the submental triangle?

A

mylohyoid muscles (which form the floor of the triangle)

35
Q

Describe the order of lymphatic structures in the neck region. (5)

A

superficial cervical lymph nodes → deep cervical lymph nodes → jugular lymphatic trunks → thoracic duct + right lymphatic trunk → venous angle

36
Q

Where are superficial cervical lymph nodes found?

A

along external jugular vein

37
Q

Where are the deep cervical lymph nodes found?

A

chain found adjacent to internal jugular vein and under the sternocleidomastoid

38
Q

What is the principal group of lymph nodes responsible for drainage in the head and neck?

A

deep cervical lymph nodes

39
Q

Describe the relationship between the jugular lymphatic trunks, the thoracic duct, and the right lymphatic duct.

A

jugular lymphatic trunk joins the thoracic duct on left side and right lymphatic duct on right side

40
Q

The venous angle is the junction of

A

the subclavian vein and internal jugular vein

41
Q

The right lymphatic trunk/duct is formed from (3)

A

right jugular lymphatic trunk

right subclavian lymphatic trunk

bronchomediastinal lymphatic trunk

42
Q

What are the branches of the external carotid artery?

A

Some Angry Lady Figured Out PMS:

superior thyroid

ascending pharyngeal

lingual

facial

occipital

posterior auricular

maxillary

superficial temporal

43
Q

What gives rise to the superior laryngeal artery?

A

superior laryngeal artery is a branch of the superior thyroid artery, which is a branch of the external carotid artery

Human Structure - Block 2 (22 decks)

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