HRT

Question 1

Which hormones are given in HRT?

Answer 1

Oestrogen + progesterone

only oestrogen if no uterus

Question 2

Why does progesterone need to be given alongside oestrogen?

Answer 2

Reduce risk of endometrial hyperplasia

Reduce risks associated with unopposed oestrogen

Question 3

What are indications for HRT?

Answer 3

Replace hormones in premature ovarian insufficiency
Reduce symptoms
Reduce osteoporosis risk

Question 4

What are the benefits of HRT?

Answer 4

Improved quality of life
Fewer menopausal symptoms
Reduced osteoporosis risk

Question 5

What are the risks of HRT?

Answer 5

Increased risk of breast + endometrial cancer
Increased VTE risk
Increased CVA risk

Question 6

What are contraindications to HRT?

Answer 6

Undiagnosed abnormal bleeding
Endometrial hyperplasia/cancer
Breast cancer
VTE
Uncontrolled HTN
Liver disease

Question 7

What are the forms of oestrogen available?

Answer 7

Patches

Pills

Question 8

What are the forms of progesterone available?

Answer 8

Pills
Patches
Coils

Cyclical = taken 10-14 days per month
Continuous = taken constantly
- no period in 24 months <50
- no period in 12 months >50

Question 9

What regimens can be given to someone with no uterus?

Answer 9

Oestrogen only pill/patch

Question 10

What regimens can be given to a perimenopausal woman with periods?

Answer 10

Cyclical combined pill/patch

Mirena coil + oestrogen only pill

Question 11

What regimens can be given to a postmenopausal woman?

Answer 11

Continuous combined pill/patch

Mirena coil + oestrogen only pill

Question 12

What are oestrogenic side effects?

Answer 12

Nausea
Bloating
Breast swelling/tenderness

Question 13

What are progesterone side effects?

Answer 13

Mood swings
Bloating/fluid retention
Acne