How Far Did WW2 Affect The Lives Of Ethnic Minorities Within The USA Flashcards
What year did the New Deal begin?
1933
What significant event occurred in Detroit in June 1943?
Race riots between white and black Americans
What Executive Order created the Fair Employment Practices Commission?
Executive Order 8802
What was the purpose of the Tuskegee Airmen training?
Training for black American air squadron
What act was passed in 1934 that affected Native Americans?
Indian Reorganization Act
What was the main contribution of the Navajo code talkers during World War II?
Used Navajo language for secure communication
How many Navajo men served as code talkers by the end of World War II?
420
True or False: The US armed forces were integrated on racial lines during World War II.
False
What percentage of black Americans served in the military by the end of World War II?
21.2 million black Americans
Fill in the blank: Black Americans faced racial discrimination in the armed forces, with most serving in _______ roles.
non-combat
What sparked the Zoot Suit Riots in Los Angeles in June 1943?
White sailors attacking Mexican Americans wearing zoot suits
What was the outcome of the Hirabayashi v the United States case in 1943?
Supreme Court upheld internment of Japanese-Americans
What did the Double V campaign advocate for?
Victory against fascism abroad and racial discrimination at home
Who inspired the Double V campaign through a letter to the Pittsburgh Courier?
James G. Thompson
Fill in the blank: The Double V campaign began on _______.
7 February 1942
What was the primary goal of the Federal Employment Practices Commission during World War II?
End racial discrimination in defense industries
What was the material damage caused by the Detroit Race Riots?
$2 million
How did Eleanor Roosevelt respond to the Zoot Suit Riots?
Wrote directly to the California State Chamber of Commerce
What was the significance of the Double V campaign after World War II?
Shifted focus to demanding racial equality at home
What was the primary reason for Japanese Americans being interned during World War II?
Racial prejudice following the attack on Pearl Harbor
How many Japanese Americans were relocated to internment camps?
400,000
What were the racial tensions in Detroit attributed to in 1943?
Racial discrimination and promotion of black American workers
What was the impact of the Second World War on employment in Britain?
The war created new opportunities in employment, leading to women stepping into jobs vacated by men who went to fight.
What was the Fair Employment Practices Commission (FEPC)?
The FEPC was created by Executive Order 8802 to outlaw racial discrimination in employment based on color or national origin.
What significant action did FDR take regarding black Americans and employment in 1941?
FDR signed Executive Order 8802, which created the FEPC and aimed to improve employment opportunities for black Americans.
What was the effect of the FEPC on black Americans during the war?
The FEPC provided opportunities for employment and encouraged migration from the Old South to northern cities associated with war production.
What challenges did black Americans face in employment during the war?
Many faced overcrowded living conditions, segregation, low wages, and menial jobs despite some securing skilled positions.
How did wages for black workers compare to white workers during the war?
While white workers saw a 60 percent wage increase, black workers only experienced a 40 percent rise.
What did Executive Order 9346 do?
It strengthened the FEPC by increasing its budget and staffing it with full-time professionals to address violations of Executive Order 8802.
What percentage of defense jobs were held by black Americans by 1945?
By 1945, eight percent of defense jobs were held by black Americans, up from three percent at the start of the war.
What happened to the FEPC in 1946?
Congress decided to end the FEPC, and attempts to recreate it in 1946 and 1948 failed.
What role did wartime domestic propaganda play?
It helped gain popular support for the war effort in the USA.
