How Far Did The Period To 1945 Bring Social And Cultural Change To The USA? Flashcards
Who was the leader of the Brotherhood that planned a march in 1941?
Iph
What was the purpose of the planned march in 1941?
To demand the Roosevelt government encourage five million jobs
What significant agreement did FDR make regarding discrimination?
He agreed to issue executive orders to end official discrimination
What was the impact of the New Deal on black Americans?
Provided increased opportunities and support
What was the role of the WPA Federal Music Project?
Sponsored musical groups and funded compositions
How many compositions did the FMP fund in its four years?
7,332 compositions
How many people were reached by FMP-funded concerts?
Over 148 million people
What types of groups did the FMP support?
- Black Americans
- Women
- Hispanics
What was one of the unique aspects of the New Deal?
Support for the arts
How many pieces of art were created through the Federal Art Project by 1937?
More than 15,000 individual pieces
What was the aim of the Federal Writers’ Project?
To offer employment to out-of-work teachers, librarians, and writers
What was one of the most lasting achievements of the Federal Writers’ Project?
The American Guide covering all 48 states
What were the two well-known projects under the Federal Writers’ Project?
- American State Guides
- America Eats
What type of information did America Eats document?
Origins of American cuisine and regional specialties
In what year did the WPA create the Federal Writers’ Project and Federal Music Project?
1935
When did the Federal Music Project end?
1939
What was the outcome for women in the workforce during the Second World War?
6 million women worked in the US economy
How many women served in the US armed forces by 1945?
350,000 women
Who succeeded Sokoloff as the FMP’s final director?
Earl Vincent Moore
What did Moore’s final report on the FMP describe it as?
An agency that helped America on the road to recovery
What notable cultural change did the FMP contribute to?
A notable advance in the interest in and consciousness of music
True or False: The Federal Music Project was dissolved in 1943.
True
Who was the leader of the Brotherhood that planned a march in 1941?
Iph
What was the purpose of the planned march in 1941?
To demand the Roosevelt government encourage five million jobs
What significant agreement did FDR make regarding discrimination?
He agreed to issue executive orders to end official discrimination
What was the impact of the New Deal on black Americans?
Provided increased opportunities and support
What was the role of the WPA Federal Music Project?
Sponsored musical groups and funded compositions
How many compositions did the FMP fund in its four years?
7,332 compositions
How many people were reached by FMP-funded concerts?
Over 148 million people
What types of groups did the FMP support?
- Black Americans
- Women
- Hispanics
What was one of the unique aspects of the New Deal?
Support for the arts
How many pieces of art were created through the Federal Art Project by 1937?
More than 15,000 individual pieces
What was the aim of the Federal Writers’ Project?
To offer employment to out-of-work teachers, librarians, and writers
What was one of the most lasting achievements of the Federal Writers’ Project?
The American Guide covering all 48 states
What were the two well-known projects under the Federal Writers’ Project?
- American State Guides
- America Eats
What type of information did America Eats document?
Origins of American cuisine and regional specialties
In what year did the WPA create the Federal Writers’ Project and Federal Music Project?
1935
When did the Federal Music Project end?
1939
What was the outcome for women in the workforce during the Second World War?
6 million women worked in the US economy
How many women served in the US armed forces by 1945?
350,000 women
Who succeeded Sokoloff as the FMP’s final director?
Earl Vincent Moore
What did Moore’s final report on the FMP describe it as?
An agency that helped America on the road to recovery
What notable cultural change did the FMP contribute to?
A notable advance in the interest in and consciousness of music
True or False: The Federal Music Project was dissolved in 1943.
True
What was the impact of the Second World War on the USA’s economy?
The Second World War brought unparalleled prosperity to the USA, transforming the Home Front with war industries and eradicating unemployment.
How did the role of women change during the Second World War?
The Second World War helped transform the role and status of women in the USA, as they stepped into jobs vacated by men who went to war.
What were the traditional roles of women before the Second World War?
Traditionally, the role of women had been to marry and raise children.
What was the significance of the Lend-Lease Act of 1941?
The Lend-Lease Act allowed the USA to produce considerable amounts of war material for Britain even before formally entering the war.
How many men did the USA mobilize between 1941 and 1945?
The USA mobilized 11.9 million men between 1941 and 1945.
What was the Fair Employment Practices Commission (FEPC)?
The FEPC was established by Executive Order 8802, signed by FDR on 25 June 1941, to outlaw racial discrimination in employment.
What did Executive Order 8802 accomplish?
Executive Order 8802 outlawed discrimination based on color or national origin in employment.
What was the aim of the Office of War Information (OWI)?
The aim was to communicate the government’s views on the war.
What character did the OWI create to encourage women to join war industries?
The character created was Rosie the Riveter.
What slogan was associated with Rosie the Riveter?
“Woman power.”
What was the purpose of the slogan “Loose lips cost ships”?
It warned against spies, spreading gossip, or revealing one’s own war work.
What were war bonds used for during WWII?
War bonds were a major source of funding for the war.
What event featured the raising of the US flag on Mount Surabachi?
The event was the Battle of Iwo Jima against Japan.
How were Germans and Japanese depicted in wartime propaganda?
They were depicted as bestial, almost sub-humans, determined to destroy the US way of life.
What types of media were used for wartime propaganda?
Media included music, songs, films, posters, and radio.
What was the purpose of the campaign mentioned in the text?
The campaign aimed to mobilize the Home Front by reminding citizens that their actions affected the war effort.
What was one hard-line ad’s message?
The ad asked if people were comfortable while a kid was harmed in the war due to their inaction on scrap collection.
What did the short film from Bataan feature?
It featured a wounded GI urging his family not to waste food, highlighting the scarcity experienced by soldiers.
What was the outcome of the film from Bataan?
The film ended with an announcement that the soldier died in the hospital after making the film.
What role did Hollywood play during the war?
Hollywood was a powerful propaganda weapon used to support the war effort and promote pro-British messages.
What did the Senate subcommittee investigate in September 1941?
They investigated whether Hollywood was contributing to the campaign to support Britain before the US entered the war.
What was the hoped outcome of pro-British messages in films?
The hope was that these messages would aid in supplying Britain with Lend-Lease war materials.
What is the key term associated with the US film industry?
Hollywood
Who won the Best Actor Oscar in 1941?
Actor Gary Cooper won the Best Actor Oscar for his portrayal of Sergeant York.
What film won the Best Film Oscar in 1942?
The Best Film Oscar went to Mrs Miniver, about a fictional British family standing up to the Germans.
Which famous director made films about the naval war in the Pacific?
Hollywood director John Ford was employed by the US Navy to make films about the naval war.
What was the contribution of Hollywood stars during World War II?
12 percent of Hollywood actors joined the air force, and 25 percent of Hollywood employees fought in the war.
How did Bing Crosby and Bob Hope contribute to the war effort?
They sold war bonds to support the war effort.
What role did the Walt Disney Company play in the war effort?
Disney produced income tax films, cartoon posters selling war bonds, and encouraged Americans to grow food in victory gardens.
What was the purpose of the Office of War Information (OWI) in 1942?
The OWI set up subagencies to supervise Hollywood and ensure positive portrayals of the US.
What was the significance of radio during World War II?
Radio was an effective way to communicate government messages, with shows promoting war bonds and addressing rationing.
Who was Glenn Miller?
Glenn Miller was a famous wartime bandleader who entertained US troops and died in 1944.
What happened to Glenn Miller in December 1944?
He boarded a transport plane to Paris, which is believed to have crashed into the English Channel; his body was never found.
What was the impact of the war on the US economy?
The war led to significant economic changes, including the use of war bonds and a shift in consumer goods production.
What was the Bretton Woods system established in July 1944?
The Bretton Woods system established fixed exchange rates and the US dollar as the world’s primary currency.
