Hormones

Question 1

releasing hormones

Answer 1

hormones; promote or inhibit release of various hormones by pituitary gland

Question 2

thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)

Answer 2

anterior pituitary; stimulates thyroid gland

Question 3

luteinizing hormone (LH)

Answer 3

anterior pituitary; increases production of progesterone (female), testosterone (male), stimulates ovulation

Question 4

follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)

Answer 4

anterior pituitary; increases production of estrogen and maturation of ovum (female) and sperm production (male)

Question 5

ACTH

Answer 5

anterior pituitary; increases secretion of steroid hormones by adrenal gland

Question 6

prolactin

Answer 6

anterior pituitary; increases milk production

Question 7

growth hormone (GH) / somatotropin

Answer 7

anterior pituitary; increases body growth, including the growth spurt during puberty

Question 8

oxytocin

Answer 8

posterior pituitary; controls uterine contractions, milk release, certain aspects of parental behaviour, and sexual pleasure

Question 9

vasopressin (antidiuretic hormone)

Answer 9

posterior pituitary; constricts blood vessels and raises blood pressure, decreases urine volume

Question 10

melatonin

Answer 10

pineal gland; increases sleepiness, influences sleep-wake cycle, also has a role in onset of puberty

Question 11

thyroxine

Answer 11

thyroid gland; increases metabolic rate, growth, and maturation

Question 12

triiodothyronine

Answer 12

thyroid gland; increases metabolic rate, growth and maturation

Question 13

parathyroid hormone

Answer 13

parathyroid gland; increases blood calcium and decreases potassium

Question 14

aldosterone

Answer 14

adrenal cortex; reduces secretion of salts by the kidneys

Question 15

cortisol, corticosterone

Answer 15

adrenal cortex; stimulates liver to elevate blood sugar, increase metabolism of proteins and fats

Question 16

epinephrine, norepinephrine

Answer 16

adrenal medulla; similar to effects of sympathetic nervous system

Question 17

insulin

Answer 17

pancreas; increases entry of glucose to cells and increases storage as fats

Question 18

glucagon

Answer 18

pancreas; increases conversion of stored fats to blood glucose

Question 19

estrogens

Answer 19

ovary; promote female sexual characteristics

Question 20

progesterone

Answer 20

ovary; maintains pregnancy

Question 21

androgens

Answer 21

testis; promote sperm production, growth of pubic hair, and male sexual characteristics

Question 22

somatomedins

Answer 22

liver; stimulate growth

Question 23

renin

Answer 23

kidney; converts a blood protein into angiotensin, which regulates blood pressure and contributes to hypovolemic thirst

Question 24

thymosin (and others)

Answer 24

thymus; support immune responses

Question 25

leptin

Answer 25

fat cells; decreases appetite, increases activity, necessary for onset of puberty