Hormonal Regulation of Glucose Metabolism

Question 1

steps in cellular uptake of glucose

Answer 1

glucose -> blood -> cellular uptake -> metabolism -> glucose-6-phosphate

Question 2

METABOLISM of glucose to form energy

Answer 2

glycolysis

Question 3

FORMATION of glycogen to store excess glucose

Answer 3

glycogenesis

Question 4

where does the majority of glucose stored?

Answer 4

liver

Question 5

secondary storage of glucose

Answer 5

muscle (small amount)

Question 6

stored glucose are used during ____

Answer 6

starvation

Question 7

BREAKDOWN of stored glycogen

Answer 7

glycogenolysis

Question 8

FORMATION of glucose from non-carbohydrate source (AA,FA)

Answer 8

gluconeogenesis

Question 9

conversion of carbohydrates to FATTY ACIDS

Answer 9

lipogenesis

Question 10

BREAKDOWN of fatty acids

Answer 10

lipolysis

Question 11

happens if glucose is absent

Answer 11

ketones = fats will become the source of energy

Question 12

a process that happens when your body doesn’t have enough carbohydrates to burn for energy, and what will be the end result?

Answer 12

ketosis -> comatose

Question 13

INSULIN

• Effects on PG: increase or decrease
• source:
• promotes:

Answer 13

• Effects on PG: increase
• promotes:
  cellular uptake
  glycolysis
  glycogenesis
  lipogenesis

Question 14

Glucagon

• source:
• promotes:

Answer 14

• source: pancreas (alpha cells)
• promotes:
  glycogenolysis
  gluconeogenesis

Question 15

Somatostatin

• source:
• promotes:

Answer 15

• source: pancreas (delta cells)
• promotes:
  paracrine regulation of insulin and glucagon

Question 16

Cortisol

• source:
• promotes:

Answer 16

• source: adrenal cortex
• promotes: gluconeogenesis
  lipolysis

Question 17

Epinephrine

• source:
• promotes:

Answer 17

• source: adrenal medulla
• promotes:
  glycogenolysis
  lipolysis

Question 18

Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)

• source:
• promotes:

Answer 18

• source: anterior pituitary gland
• promotes:
  glycogenolysis
  gluconeogenesis
  cortisol secretion

Question 19

Growth Hormone (GH)

• source:
• promotes:

Answer 19

• source: anterior pituitary gland
• promotes:
  (-) cellular uptake
  (-) glycolysis - insulin antagonist

Question 20

Thyroxine

• source:
• promotes:

Answer 20

• source: thyroid
• promotes:
  intestinal absorption of glucose
  glycogenolysis
  gluconeogenesis

Question 21

Human Placental Lactogen (hPL)

• source:
• promotes:

Answer 21

• source: placenta
• promotes:
  insulin antagonist
  gestational DM