History (Jesus + Beginning of Christianity) Flashcards
Why do we say Jesus Christ was remarkable
Jesus Christ was born about 2000 years ago to a Jewish family in the town of Bethlehem. When he was about 30 years old, he began to preach a new religion. He said that he was the Messiah (messenger) and that he had come from God to save all people
What did his religion say
In his religion, Christianity, it was taught that people should love one another (even their enemies) just as God loved and forgave them. People should live in peace, but most of all, should worship and obey God. Only then should they obey their rulers.
What was the reaction to his teachings
Jesus’s teachings annoyed the Romans because they felt that he was trying to start a rebellion. The leaders of the Jews were also angry because he did not agree with some of their ideas and also because he said he was a Messiah. They had expected a great warrior, not a man of peace.
Why was Jesus arrested
About AD 33 Jesus was arrested because he was found saying things against the Jewish religion. He was executed by crucifixion, which was the usual way in which Romans punished serious criminals (they were nailed to a cross of wood and left there to die).
What happened to him after his crucifixion
He had a number of followers (disciples) who travelled with him and helped him to teach his religion. They said that three days after his execution, Jesus rose from the dead. For the next forty days, he was seen by many of his friends. Jesus told them they must go out and teach other people his ideas. Then he went back to Heaven.
What is persecution
At first the Romans did not mind the new religion (christianity). But then, some emperors thought that the christians were plotting against them. That was when (from time to time) they were thrown into wild animals in the arena. This cruel behaviour was called persecution.
What laws did emperor Constantine make
In AD 312 the Roman emperor Constantine passed a law which stopped the persecution of Christians. Later, he became a christian and in AD 391 Christianity became the state religion of the Roman empire.
How did the Catholic Church work
The Church came to be known as the Catholic church. Catholic means for everyone. The head of the church was the bishop of Romé. After AD 600 he was called the Pópe. Under him were the chief bishops of each province of the empire. Under them were the lesser bishops of the different cities and districts of each province. This gave the Pópe great power all over Europe.
What is the Holy Roman Empire
In AD 768, Charlemagne became king of t
