Biology (1.1 Life processes) Flashcards
Why do organisms take food
Organisms take in food so that they can obtain energy. Energy is used for movement and growth
Explain “movement” in plants
Plants move by growth movement. For example, they grow their stems towards the source of light, or they grow their roots deeper into the soil to absorb water.
Explain “movement” in animals
Animals are capable of moving freely, at their own will, which is known as free movement.
Explain “feeding/nutrition” in plants
Plants combine sunlight energy, water and carbon dioxide to make their own food in a process in a process called photosynthesis. Thus, they are all autotrophs and are known as photosynthetic organisms.
Explain “nutrition” in animals
Animals cannot make their own food, so they are heterotrophs and However it is crucial for them to obtain food so they can obtain and their bodies will work properly. Humans are mainly omnivores
Explain “growth”in plants
Plants grow throughout their lives
Explain “growth” in animals
Animals stop growing after reaching a certain age or height
Explain “sensitivity” in plants
Plants do not have sense organs like humans but they can still detect and respond to things like gravity, light and water
Explain “sensitivity” in animals
Animals have sense organs (e.g. ears, eyes and a nose) and they are sensitive to things like: sight, smells, sounds, heat, etc.
Define sensitivity
Sensitivity is how an organism reacts to certain changes in their environment. These changes are known as stimuli. Plants are not as sensitive as animals because they do not have sense organs
define growth
‘Growth” is the process when an organism increases in size by making more cells and tissues.
Describe excretion
Excretion is the process by which wastes (which are produced by all living things, such as sweat, excess water, urine and carbon dioxide) are removed from the body. Urine has a chemical in it called urea which is toxic (an unwanted substance that becomes poisonous in our body), so it must be removed from our body.
Describe movement.
All living things are capable of movement. Animals either move around by legs, wings or fins. On the other hand, plants move by growing. When they grow, their roots grow down into the soil and their shoots grow up into the air towards a source of light. Their process of movement is much slower than animals.
Define respiration (not in test copy)
Respiration is the process that all living things go through to create the energy they need to live. This reaction happens in the cells so it is called cellular respiration. It usually involves the exchange between two gases - carbon dioxide and oxygen.
Define reproduction (not in test copy)
All living things reproduce to replace other organisms lost by death. This is a part of the life cycle. If a group of organisms does not reproduce fast enough to replace those which die, that croup becomes extinct.
