HISTOLOGY LAB: CARTILAGE

Question 1

What is the precursor tissue for bone in fetal organisms?

Answer 1

Cartilage.

Question 2

What percentage of cartilage is water?

Answer 2

0.8

Question 3

Where is cartilage found in adults?

Answer 3

In areas that require durability and pliability and can resist friction and compressive forces.

Question 4

What is the role of cartilage in the embryo?

Answer 4

Most future bones develop from cartilage.

Question 5

What is the name of the mature cells found in cartilage?

Answer 5

Chondrocytes.

Question 6

What type of cells are responsible for breaking down cartilage?

Answer 6

Chondroclasts.

Question 7

Which cells are involved in building cartilage?

Answer 7

Chondroblasts.

Question 8

What is the matrix component that supports cartilage structure?

Answer 8

Proteoglycans.

Question 9

What are GAGs in the context of cartilage?

Answer 9

Glycosaminoglycans.

Question 10

What substance absorbs water in cartilage?

Answer 10

Chondroitin sulfate.

Question 11

Identify the most common type of cartilage.

Answer 11

Hyaline cartilage.

Question 12

What type of cartilage is present in the external ear and epiglottis?

Answer 12

Elastic cartilage.

Question 13

Which cartilage resists compressive forces and is found in intervertebral discs?

Answer 13

Fibrocartilage.

Question 14

What is the outer layer of cartilage called?

Answer 14

Perichondrium.

Question 15

What is the outer layer of bone called?

Answer 15

Periosteum.

Question 16

What type of tissue is the inner layer of perichondrium?

Answer 16

Chondrogenic layer.

Question 17

What layer of bone contains osteoblasts?

Answer 17

Osteogenic layer.

Question 18

What type of growth occurs in cartilage?

Answer 18

Appositional and interstitial growth.

Question 19

What type of growth occurs in bone?

Answer 19

Appositional growth only.

Question 20

How is the nerve supply characterized in cartilage?

Answer 20

Avascular.

Question 21

How is the nerve supply characterized in bone?

Answer 21

Highly vascular.

Question 22

What are canaliculi?

Answer 22

Tiny channels in bone that allow for nutrient supply and waste removal.

Question 23

What is the structural framework of compact bone called?

Answer 23

Haversian system (or osteons).

Question 24

How does the Haversian system function?

Answer 24

It runs lengthwise through the bone, delivering nutrients and removing waste products.

Question 25

What is another name for cancellous bone?

Answer 25

Spongy bone or trabecular bone.

Question 26

Where is cancellous bone typically found?

Answer 26

In the ends of long bones, ribs, skull, pelvic bones, and vertebrae.

Question 27

What is the structure of cancellous bone composed of?

Answer 27

A network of trabeculae, plates, and rods.

Question 28

What is the porosity percentage of cancellous bone?

Answer 28

70-80%.