HISTOLOGY LAB: CARTILAGE Flashcards
What is the precursor tissue for bone in fetal organisms?
Cartilage.
What percentage of cartilage is water?
0.8
Where is cartilage found in adults?
In areas that require durability and pliability and can resist friction and compressive forces.
What is the role of cartilage in the embryo?
Most future bones develop from cartilage.
What is the name of the mature cells found in cartilage?
Chondrocytes.
What type of cells are responsible for breaking down cartilage?
Chondroclasts.
Which cells are involved in building cartilage?
Chondroblasts.
What is the matrix component that supports cartilage structure?
Proteoglycans.
What are GAGs in the context of cartilage?
Glycosaminoglycans.
What substance absorbs water in cartilage?
Chondroitin sulfate.
Identify the most common type of cartilage.
Hyaline cartilage.
What type of cartilage is present in the external ear and epiglottis?
Elastic cartilage.
Which cartilage resists compressive forces and is found in intervertebral discs?
Fibrocartilage.
What is the outer layer of cartilage called?
Perichondrium.
What is the outer layer of bone called?
Periosteum.
What type of tissue is the inner layer of perichondrium?
Chondrogenic layer.
What layer of bone contains osteoblasts?
Osteogenic layer.
What type of growth occurs in cartilage?
Appositional and interstitial growth.
What type of growth occurs in bone?
Appositional growth only.
How is the nerve supply characterized in cartilage?
Avascular.
How is the nerve supply characterized in bone?
Highly vascular.
What are canaliculi?
Tiny channels in bone that allow for nutrient supply and waste removal.
What is the structural framework of compact bone called?
Haversian system (or osteons).
How does the Haversian system function?
It runs lengthwise through the bone, delivering nutrients and removing waste products.
What is another name for cancellous bone?
Spongy bone or trabecular bone.
Where is cancellous bone typically found?
In the ends of long bones, ribs, skull, pelvic bones, and vertebrae.
What is the structure of cancellous bone composed of?
A network of trabeculae, plates, and rods.
What is the porosity percentage of cancellous bone?
70-80%.
