Hip Dislocation And Fractures Flashcards

1
Q

Most common type of hip dislocation

A

Posterior dislocation

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2
Q

What nerve may be affected with posterior hip dislocations

A

Sciatic nerve

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3
Q

What nerve may be affected in anterior hip dislocation

A

Femoral nerve

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4
Q

If someone has a posterior hip dislocation, what position would the leg be in?

A

Adducted, flexed, internally rotated.

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5
Q

2 most common causes of AVN in adults

A

Steroid and alcohol

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6
Q

When AVN of femoral head occurs in children, what is it called

A

Legg-calve-perthes disease

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7
Q

People with AVN of femoral head have a decrease in what 2 motions?

A

Internal and external rotation

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8
Q

Most sensitive and specific diagnostic imaging test for AVN of femoral head

A

MRI

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9
Q

What is seen on T1 and T2 weighted MRI images of AVN of femoral head

A
T1 = low signal intensity
T2 = double line sign
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10
Q

How do you treat AVN of femoral head

A

Pediatric - brace and cast.

Adults - osteotomy or THA

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11
Q

When is risk for PE after hip fracture highest?

A

During 2nd and 3rd week

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12
Q

Most common complication after hip replacement

A

Heterotopic ossification

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13
Q

Incidence of HO after THA

A

50%

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14
Q

1 year and 2 year mortality rate for THA

A

1 year = 20-30%

2 year = 40%

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15
Q

Garden classification for intracapsular fractures

A
1 = incomplete, valgus
2 = incomplete, nondisplaced
3 = partially displaced
4 = completely displaced
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16
Q

What artery is involved in AVN of femoral head

A

Medial circumflex femoral artery

17
Q

What position is leg in if hip fractured

A

Shortened and externally rotated

18
Q

Which garden classification intracapsular fractures can be treated with rehab?

A

1 and 2

19
Q

Difference in rehab between cemented THA and uncemented THA

A
Cement = FWB/WBAT immediately
Uncemented = PWB or FWB, higher risk of loosening and pain
20
Q

Most common type of hip fracture

A

Intertrochanteric hip fracture

21
Q

2 types of femoral neck stress fractures

A

Compression and transverse/tension type fractures

22
Q

Most common type of femoral stress fracture

A

Compression type

23
Q

Location of compression type femoral neck stress fractures

A

Along the inferior neck

24
Q

Location of tension/transverse type femoral neck stress fractures

A

Superior femoral neck

25
Q

Which is more stable - compression or tension type femoral neck stress fracture?

A

Compression-type

26
Q

When are bone scans positive after femoral neck stress fracture

A

2-8 days after symptoms start

27
Q

Compression vs tension/transverse type stress fracture - Which is treated with rehab and which is treated with surgery

A
Compression = rehab
Transverse = surgery
28
Q

In slipped capital femoral epiphysis, where is the location of the injury?

A

Epiphyseal growth plate at head of femur

29
Q

Which motion is limited in a patient with SCFE

A

Internal rotation

30
Q

How do you treat a SCFE?

A

Nonweight bearing

Refer to ortho

31
Q

Mechanism that causes ischial tuberosity avulsion fracture

A

Forced hamstring contraction with knee in extension and hip flexed

32
Q

What is weaver’s bottom also known as?

A

Ischial tuberosity bursitis

33
Q

How can you tell difference between ischial tuberosity bursitis vs ischial tuberosity avulsion?

A
Bursitis = insidious onset, progressively worsens
Avulsion = acute
34
Q

ASIS avulsion fracture involves what muscle?

A

Sartorius

35
Q

What muscle is involved with AIIS avulsion?

A

Rectus femoris

36
Q

What muscles originate at the ASIS

A

Sartorius and TFL

37
Q

What causes osteitis pubis?

A

Overuse of adductor muscles results in inflammation of the pubic symphysis