Hip Dislocation And Fractures Flashcards
Most common type of hip dislocation
Posterior dislocation
What nerve may be affected with posterior hip dislocations
Sciatic nerve
What nerve may be affected in anterior hip dislocation
Femoral nerve
If someone has a posterior hip dislocation, what position would the leg be in?
Adducted, flexed, internally rotated.
2 most common causes of AVN in adults
Steroid and alcohol
When AVN of femoral head occurs in children, what is it called
Legg-calve-perthes disease
People with AVN of femoral head have a decrease in what 2 motions?
Internal and external rotation
Most sensitive and specific diagnostic imaging test for AVN of femoral head
MRI
What is seen on T1 and T2 weighted MRI images of AVN of femoral head
T1 = low signal intensity T2 = double line sign
How do you treat AVN of femoral head
Pediatric - brace and cast.
Adults - osteotomy or THA
When is risk for PE after hip fracture highest?
During 2nd and 3rd week
Most common complication after hip replacement
Heterotopic ossification
Incidence of HO after THA
50%
1 year and 2 year mortality rate for THA
1 year = 20-30%
2 year = 40%
Garden classification for intracapsular fractures
1 = incomplete, valgus 2 = incomplete, nondisplaced 3 = partially displaced 4 = completely displaced
What artery is involved in AVN of femoral head
Medial circumflex femoral artery
What position is leg in if hip fractured
Shortened and externally rotated
Which garden classification intracapsular fractures can be treated with rehab?
1 and 2
Difference in rehab between cemented THA and uncemented THA
Cement = FWB/WBAT immediately Uncemented = PWB or FWB, higher risk of loosening and pain
Most common type of hip fracture
Intertrochanteric hip fracture
2 types of femoral neck stress fractures
Compression and transverse/tension type fractures
Most common type of femoral stress fracture
Compression type
Location of compression type femoral neck stress fractures
Along the inferior neck
Location of tension/transverse type femoral neck stress fractures
Superior femoral neck
Which is more stable - compression or tension type femoral neck stress fracture?
Compression-type
When are bone scans positive after femoral neck stress fracture
2-8 days after symptoms start
Compression vs tension/transverse type stress fracture - Which is treated with rehab and which is treated with surgery
Compression = rehab Transverse = surgery
In slipped capital femoral epiphysis, where is the location of the injury?
Epiphyseal growth plate at head of femur
Which motion is limited in a patient with SCFE
Internal rotation
How do you treat a SCFE?
Nonweight bearing
Refer to ortho
Mechanism that causes ischial tuberosity avulsion fracture
Forced hamstring contraction with knee in extension and hip flexed
What is weaver’s bottom also known as?
Ischial tuberosity bursitis
How can you tell difference between ischial tuberosity bursitis vs ischial tuberosity avulsion?
Bursitis = insidious onset, progressively worsens Avulsion = acute
ASIS avulsion fracture involves what muscle?
Sartorius
What muscle is involved with AIIS avulsion?
Rectus femoris
What muscles originate at the ASIS
Sartorius and TFL
What causes osteitis pubis?
Overuse of adductor muscles results in inflammation of the pubic symphysis
