Disc Disorders Of The Spine Flashcards
What 2 lumbar discs are most commonly inured and what cervical disc is most commonly injured
L4-5 or L5-S1 disc
C5-6 disc
A C6-7 disc central vs far lateral herniation will affect which nerve root?
Both will affect the C7 nerve root
An L4-5 disc central vs paracentral vs far lateral herniation will affect which nerve root?
Central = multiroot
Paracentral = L5
Far lateral = L4
4 types of disc herniation and definitions of each
- Bulge = no annulus defect
- Prolapsed = nucleus material protrudes to annulus
- Extruded = nucleus material extends to PLL
- Sequestered = nucleus material fragments into the canal
Reflexes of L2, 3, 4, 5, S1 nerve roots
L2 = cremasteric L3 = patella L4 = patella L5 = hamstring S1 = achilles
What is lasegue’s test
Another name for straight leg raise test with ankle dorsiflexion
In the straight leg raise test, at what degree of hip flexion should patient being feeling symptoms
30-60 degrees
What is Ely’s test?
Another name for femoral nerve stretch test
What is bowstring test?
Applying pressure to popliteal fossa over the nerve during straight leg raise to reproduce symptoms
In a rehab program for disc herniation, what muscle do you want to stretch?
Hamstrings
Back extension-biased programs and neutral/flexion-biased programs are used for what type of disc herniation?
Extension-biased used for posterior lateral HNP.
Neutral/flexion-biased used for far lateral HNP.
When doing traction of the cervical spine, how many degrees of flexion and how much of resistance do you prescribe?
20-30 degrees of flexion with 25 lb. of resistance
When doing traction of the lumbar spine, how many degrees of flexion and how much of resistance do you prescribe?
90 degrees of hip and knee flexion with >50 lbs resistance for posterior vertebral distraction and >100 lbs resistance for anterior vertebral distraction.
Lhermitte’s sign
Sudden transient electric-like shocks extending down the spine triggered by flexing the head forward
Degradation of the internal architecture of the disc without gross herniation is known as…
Internal disc disruption
