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MICI1100 (health sciences microbiology) > Hepatitis Viruses > Flashcards

Hepatitis Viruses Flashcards

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1
Q

what is Hep A?

A

naked RNA picornavirus

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1
Q

how does Hep A spread?

A

fecal-oral (common in developing countries

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2
Q

how does Hep A get into your body?

A

ingested, replicates in bowel wall, spreads to liver (2-4 weeks incubation)

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3
Q

what are the symptoms of Hep A?

A

most are asymptomatic
mild juandice

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4
Q

can you be a carrier of Hep A?

A

no - no long-term sequelae

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5
Q

how is Hep A diagnosed?

A

IgM antibodies

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6
Q

how is Hep A prevented?

A

vaccine (sometimes with Hep B)
post-exposure immune globulin (if immune-compromised)

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7
Q

what is Hep B?

A

hepadnavirus with carrier state of chronic or persistent hepatitis

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8
Q

what are the chances of becoming a carrier of Hep B?

A

90% for neonates
5% for adults

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9
Q

how is Hep B spread?

A

parentally, perinatally, sexually

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10
Q

how transmissible is Hep B (for needle stick)?

A

30%

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11
Q

what does chronic Hep B cause?

A

liver failure
portal hypertension
hepato-cellular carcinoma

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12
Q

how is Hep B prevented?

A

post expsoure prvetnion HBIG vaccine
regular vaccine

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13
Q

how is chronic Hep B prevented?

A

lamivudine (or tenofvir and entecavir)

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14
Q

how is Hep diagnosed?

A

detection of HBsAg (surface antibodies) to see if they are currently infected
detection of AntiHbsAg antibodies (>10 UI) to see if they have immunity
detection of AntiHB core antibodies to see if currently infected

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15
Q

what is Hep C?

A

small enveloped RNA virus that is widely distributed

16
Q

how is Hep C spread?

A

by blood

17
Q

what is the needle-stick transmissibility of Hep C?

A

3%

18
Q

what are the symptoms of Hep C?

A

75% have no/mild symptoms
40-60% get chronic liver disease
20% get cirrhosis

19
Q

what is the incubation period of Hep C?

A

2-20 weeks

20
Q

how is Hep C diagnosed?

A

antibody test (screening)
PCR (confirmatory)

21
Q

how is Hep C prevented?

A

good public health measures
no vaccine

22
Q

what is Hep D?

A

incomplete RNA virus that requires the presence of Hep B

23
Q

when is Hep D worse?

A

when infection happens concurrently with Hep B

24
Q

what is Hep E?

A

RNA virus that is similar to Hep A and common in developing countries

25
Q

which Heps are spread through feces?

A

A and E

26
Q

which Heps are spread through blood (and associated)

A

B and C and D

27
Q

which Heps are chronic?

A

B and C and D

28
Q

which Heps are not chronic?

A

A and E

29
Q

which Heps have vaccines?

A

A and B

MICI1100 (health sciences microbiology) (20 decks)

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