classes of antibiotics

Question 1

what is voncomycin?

Answer 1

• only works on G+
• binds to the terminal D-ala to stop it from binding to PBP which disrupts cell wall synthesis
• changing terminal to D-lac creates resistancies
• may require therapeutic drug monitoring

Question 2

what are beta-lactams?

Answer 2

• bind to PBPs analogies to disrupt the cell wall synthesis
• modified beta lactamases target side creates resitancies

Question 3

what is fosfomycin?

Answer 3

prevents synthesis of cell wall precursors in cytoplasm

Question 4

what are macrolides/clindamycin?

Answer 4

• binds to ribosomes and disrupt protein synthesis
• efllux pumps, target side modification (inducible and constructive) creates resistancies

Question 5

what are flouroqinalones?

Answer 5

• bidn to DNA-DNA gyrase complex (or topoisomerase IV)
• efflux pumps, mutation (AA sub), porin down regulation creates resitance

Question 6

what are aminoglycosides?

Answer 6

• binds to ribosomes and disrupt protein synthesis
• aminoglycoside modifying enzymes create resistance
• may require therapeutic drug monitoring

Question 7

what are tetraclyclines?

Answer 7

binds to ribosomes and disrupt protein synthesis

Question 8

what are TMP-SMX antiobitcs?

Answer 8

inhibits folate metabolism
some varieties are resistant due to metabolic byass

Question 9

what are metronidazoles?

Answer 9

antibiotic that damages DNA and cell processes